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Hyperthyroidism
Published in Pallavi Iyer, Herbert Chen, Thyroid and Parathyroid Disorders in Children, 2020
Hyperthyroidism is distinguished from subclinical hyperthyroidism, a condition in which levels of T4, FT4, and T3 are normal, but TSH levels are suppressed. The causes of subclinical hyperthyroidism are similar to those of overt hyperthyroidism. Thus, it is important to reevaluate individuals with isolated suppression of TSH levels every 3 to 6 months.
Thyroid heart disease in the elderly
Published in Wilbert S. Aronow, Jerome L. Fleg, Michael W. Rich, Tresch and Aronow’s Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly, 2019
Myron Miller, Steven R. Gambert
Subclinical hyperthyroidism has been defined by the US Preventive Services Task Force and other authorities as a condition associated with a serum TSH concentration below the lower limit of the reference range, with normal triiodothyronine and thyroxine values (62). It should be noted that subclinical hyperthyroidism has been defined variably in different studies with lower limits for serum TSH values ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 making comparison between studies difficult. Etiology ranges from excessive thyroid hormone replacement therapy to thyroid disease, with the most common cause in the elderly person being long-standing multinodular goiter. In younger persons, Graves’ disease may be the cause.
Benign Thyroid Disease
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Louise Jayne Clark, Adam J Donne, R James A England, Hisham M Mehanna, Gerald William McGarry, Sean Carrie, Basic Sciences Endocrine Surgery Rhinology, 2018
Christopher M. Jones, Kristien Boelaert
Thyroid dysfunction is common, affecting more than 2% of the population and is usually caused by autoimmune disease. Thyrotoxicosis is most commonly caused by Graves’ disease, with other important causes including toxic nodular hyperthyroidism and thyroiditis. The mainstays of treatment of thyrotoxicosis”namely, antithyroid drugs, radioiodine, and surgery”have not changed for more than 60 years, although the evidence base directing treatment choices and modes of administration is improving. Importantly, there is a rapidly increasing evidence base that mild or subclinical hyperthyroidism is associated with serious consequences, especially cardiovascular effects and osteoporosis.
Effects of thyroid hormones in women with gestational diabetes
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2022
Sibel Demiral Sezer, Omercan Topaloglu
The pregnancy-specific TSH reference ranges were evaluated according to the 2017 American Thyroid Association guidelines [16]. Women with normal TSH and normal fT4 concentration were classified as euthyroid. Overt hypothyroidism was defined as a decreased fT4 (<0.89 ng/dL) with increased TSH level (>4.2 mIU/L). Subclinical hypothyroidism was defined as normal fT4 with decreased TSH level (<0.27 mIU/L). Overt hyperthyroidism was defined as an increased fT4 (>1.76 ng/dl) with decreased TSH (<0.27 mIU/L) level. Subclinical hyperthyroidism was defined as normal fT4 with decreased TSH level (<0.27 mIU/L). Regarding thyroid autoimmunity status, thyroid peroxidase antibody levels over 35 IU/mL were considered positive. The fT3/fT4 ratio was obtained by dividing the plasma concentrations of fT3 (pg/dL) by fT4 (ng/dL). Fasting glucose, TSH, fT4, fT3, were studied with an Olympus AO5800 autoanalyzer.
Coexistent subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with an increased risk of new cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis: an explorative study
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2021
R Agca, M Heslinga, HG Raterman, S Simsek, AE Voskuyl, MT Nurmohamed
Baseline characteristics of all patients are shown in Table 1. Patients with missing thyroid function data, patients who were lost to follow-up before the first study visit, and non-Caucasians (n = 30) were excluded. At baseline, 8.1% of the patients had hypothyroidism (n = 26, 16 clinical and 10 subclinical hypothyroidism), 6.8% had hyperthyroidism (n = 22, 13 clinical and 9 subclinical hyperthyroidism), and 85.1% (n = 275) were euthyroid. Twelve patients with clinical hypothyroidism, one patient with hyperthyroidism, and one patient with subclinical hyperthyroidism were receiving thyroxine replacement therapy, all of whom were female. For 13 patients, the duration of hypothyroidism was available, which was 23 (15–36) years. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, gender, anti-TPO levels, and thyroxine replacement therapy differed between the different thyroid function groups at baseline (Supplementary table S1).
Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in adults visiting primary health-care setting in Riyadh
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2018
Eidan Al Eidan, Saeed Ur Rahman, Saeed Al Qahtani, Ali I Al Farhan, Imad Abdulmajeed
This cross-sectional primary care-based study provides data on the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and the relationship of TSH levels with age, gender, co-morbid conditions, family history of thyroid disease, iodized salt intake, BP, BMI, and some other factors. The prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism was 2.1%, and subclinical hypothyroidism was 10.3% in this study. These percentages are comparable with those reported in some other studies [9,13,15,22], yet are higher than those reported by others [8,23,24]. Estimates of subclinical hypothyroidism prevalence vary by the type of population accessed, i.e., sampled from community, hospital, nursing home or primary care, concurrent comorbidity and the TSH assay, and cut-off values used [25].