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Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
Published in Karl H. Pang, Nadir I. Osman, James W.F. Catto, Christopher R. Chapple, Basic Urological Sciences, 2021
Lynne Sykes, Ibrahim Ali, Philip A. Kalra
Instances where urological input may be needed pre-transplant:Relieving bladder outlet obstruction to ensure adequate drainage post-transplant.Native nephrectomy for recurrent pyelonephritis/pyonephrosis.Removal of polycystic kidney(s) to make space for transplant.
Urolithiasis
Published in Manit Arya, Taimur T. Shah, Jas S. Kalsi, Herman S. Fernando, Iqbal S. Shergill, Asif Muneer, Hashim U. Ahmed, MCQs for the FRCS(Urol) and Postgraduate Urology Examinations, 2020
Thomas Johnston, James Armitage, Oliver Wiseman
Pyonephrosis may be relieved with either a ureteric stent or percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN). One of the advantages of PCN is that it may be inserted under local anaesthesia thereby obviating the need for general anaesthesia in a patient who may be unstable due to sepsis or hyperkalaemia. That said, some clinicians will place stents without a GA, especially in women. Furthermore, a PCN may require less instrumentation of the urinary tract and reduce the risk of exacerbating sepsis. On the other hand, PCN requires the skills of an experienced interventional radiologist and where this expertise is not available a retrograde stent inserted by an experienced urologist may be a better option. The literature to date supports both methods of decompression [19,20].
The urinary tract and male reproductive system
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Luis Beltran, Daniel M. Berney
These comprise acute inflammation of the pelvis, calyces, and renal parenchyma, which, in severe cases, may progress to suppuration and abscess formation. There is purulent urine with congestion and inflammation of the pelvicalyceal mucosa. Pale linear streaks of pus may extend radially from the tip of the papilla to the surface of the cortex where adjacent lesions may fuse to produce abscesses. There may be considerable destruction of the cortex although there tends to be relative sparing of glomeruli and blood vessels. When severe there may be almost total or complete obstruction and pus may accumulate in the pelvises and calyces to produce a pyonephrosis. Extension of this through the renal capsule may produce a perinephric abscess.
Comparison of Percutaneous Nephrostomy and Ureteral DJ Stent in Patients with Obstructive Pyelonephritis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2022
Hakan Anıl, Nevzat Can Şener, Kaan Karamık, İbrahim Erol, Ediz Vuruşkan, Hakan Erçil, Zafer Gökhan Gürbüz
Before this study, ethics committee permission was obtained from our institute (approval no: 34/446). Patients with PCN or DJ stent insertion due to OP from January 2017 to May 2020 in our clinic was retrospectively analyzed. The study included 126 patients with the presence of obstruction in the urinary system revealed by imaging methods, in addition to fever (≥38 °C), pyuria and costovertebral angle tenderness. Patients with solitary kidney, pyonephrosis, staghorn stones or multiple stones inside the kidney, age under 18 years, pregnancy, anticoagulant use, immune deficiency, septic patients, cancer patients, and missing data were excluded from the present study. The study included a total of 105 patients.
Fibrin glue as a sealant in stentless laparoscopic pyeloplasty: A randomised controlled trial
Published in Arab Journal of Urology, 2019
Ahmed Farouk, Ahmed Tawfick, Mahmoud Reda, Ahmed M. Saafan, Waleed Mousa, Ahmed M. Tawfeek, Hassan Shaker
Exclusion criteria: Non-secreting kidney with split function of <15%.Previous renal surgery.Pyonephrosis.Children aged <2 years.Bleeding tendency.
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in the renal pelvis: primary or secondary? Case report and literature review
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2020
An Tamsin, Charlotte Schillebeeckx, Charlotte Van Langenhove, Kathy Vander Eeckt, Dieter Ost, Kevin Wetzels
Primary renal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is an exceedingly rare tumor. As stated by Patel et al. histopathology still remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of this tumor that may clinically or radiologically be missed due to the presentation of chronic inflammation/pyonephrosis. Because of the rarity, secondary involvement from more common sites, such as ovary and gastrointestinal tract, should be thoroughly excluded.