China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
The twentieth century
Published in Michael J. O’Dowd, The History of Medications for Women, 2020
Of the many drugs which have been used to inhibit uterine activity in premature labor, the beta-adrenergic agents such as Isoxsuprine, mesuprine and orciprenaline (derivatives of epinephrine) were the most widely studied. The modern beta-receptor agonists, fenoterol, ritodrine, salbutamol and terbutaline were found to be effective uterine relaxants. Wesselius de Casparis and associates (1971) demonstrated that ritodrine postponed premature labor for longer than either sedation or placebo. Ingemarsson (1984), in an article on the pharmacology of tocolytic agents, concluded that beta-receptor agonists were the drugs of choice in the treatment of preterm labor. Rare but serious side-effects of pulmonary edema, myocardial ischemia and possible adverse influences on carbohydrate metabolism, were reported when beta-agonists were combined with corticosteroids (RCOG, 1997).
The Development of Beta Receptor Agonist Drugs
Published in Richard Beasley, Neil E. Pearce, The Role of Beta Receptor Agonist Therapy in Asthma Mortality, 2020
Another important drug at that time was orciprenaline (metaproterenol in the United States; Figure 1), the resorcinolamine equivalent of the catecholamine isoprenaline.42 This drug was active orally and was also widely used as an aerosol.43,44 Because it lacked a catecholamine nucleus, it was not metabolized by COMT in the lung. Thus, orciprenaline had a longer duration of action than isoprenaline by the inhaled route. Orciprenaline was a less potent bronchodilator than isoprenaline, but it lacked alpha agonist side effects. It still caused tachycardia as a side effect, although in the aerosolized form this was considered to be less of a problem than with isoprenaline.
Prescribing trends of inhaler treatments for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease within a resource-constrained environment in the Scottish national health service: findings and implications
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2019
Holly McCabe, Brian Godman, Amanj Kurdi, Katie Johnston, Sean MacBride-Stewart, Janey Lennon, Simon Hurding, Marion Bennie, Alec Morton
Between 2001 and 2017, 144 individual inhalers were included covering both originators, alternatives to originators and generics. In terms of active ingredients, the following were available during the study period although a number of these inhaler types are no longer available: five SABAs (salbutamol, terbutaline sulphate, fenoterol hydrobromide, orciprenaline sulphate and reproterol hydrochloride), two SAMAs (ipratropium bromide and oxitropium bromide), three LABAs (salmeterol, formoterol fumarate and olodaterol), three LAMAs (tiotropium, aclidinium bromide and umeclidinium bromide), two mast cell stabilisers (nedocromil sodium and sodium cromoglicate), five ICS (budesonide, beclometasone dipropionate, ciclesonide, fluticasone propionate and mometasone furoate), one SABA/SAMA (salbutamol with ipratropium), three LAMA/LABA (umeclidinium bromide with vilanterol trifenatate, aclidinium bromide with formoterol fumarate and tiotropium with olodaterol), five ICS/LABA (salmeterol with fluticasone propionate, budesonide with formoterol fumarate, fluticasone furoate with vilanterol, fluticasone propionate with formoterol fumarate and beclometasone dipropionate with formoterol fumarate) and one ICS SABA (beclometasone dipropionate with salbutamol).
Recent advances in the treatment of Brugada syndrome
Published in Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 2018
Mariana Argenziano, Charles Antzelevitch
Agents that augment the L-type calcium channel current, such as β adrenergic agonists like isoproterenol, denopamine, or orciprenaline, are effective as well [136,179,194,199–201]. Isoproterenol, sometimes in combination with quinidine, has been reported to successfully suppress VF storms and to normalize the ST elevation, particularly in children [181,188,189,202–204]. Spontaneous VF in patients with BrS is often mediated by an increase in vagal tone and is amenable to treatment by an increase of sympathetic tone via the administration of isoproterenol. In the latest HRS/EHRA/APHRS consensus document, isoproterenol is a Class IIa indication for BrS patients presenting with electrical storms (Figure 4) [31].