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Marine Biotoxins: Symptoms and Monitoring Programs
Published in Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Megh R. Goyal, Health Benefits of Secondary Phytocompounds from Plant and Marine Sources, 2021
Huma Bader Ul Ain, Farhan Saeed, Hafiza Sidra Yaseen, Tabussam Tufail, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria
The main source of neurotoxic shellfish poisoning or brevetoxin is Karenia brevis (a dinoflagellate). Its mechanism of action is at the site 5 of voltage-gated sodium channels. The toxicity appears from fifteen minutes to three hours after the use of neurotoxic shellfish. Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning can likewise be contracted by means of inhalation [17, 41, 62].
Neurotoxicology
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Sean D. McCann, Trevonne M. Thompson
Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) is caused by brevetoxin, which, similar to ciguatoxin, stimulates transport through sodium channels in both neurons and myocytes. Symptoms begin within minutes to hours of seafood ingestion and include perioral paresthesia, reversal of hot–cold sensation, dizziness, myalgia, nausea, emesis, and diarrhea. Symptoms can last hours to several days; treatment is supportive; and recovery is essentially always complete.
Ciguatera: A Treating Physician's Perspective on a Global Illness
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
Ritchie C. Shoemaker, James C. Ryan
The mechanism of illness per Bagnis (ascending toxin from Gambierdiscus in herbivorous to piscivorous fish) is repeated. The ongoing problem of underreporting is noted. The problem of absence of reliable biomarkers is noted, though gastrointestinal illness supersedes neurological illness. There is a report of hot/cold dysesthesias problem in neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (brevetoxin).
Disposition of toxic drugs and chemicals in man
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2021
Other changes have made the new edition as indispensable as its predecessors. The first of these is the enlargement of the scope to include some important and well-established natural poisons. These include, for example, brief accounts of aristolochic acid, the cause of renal failure in a cohort of Belgian women attempting to lose weight; coniine, the instrument of Sophocles’s execution; and domoic acid, the excitatory amino acid responsible for neurotoxic shellfish poisoning. There are also, inevitably, new drugs of abuse, such as 2-fluorofentanyl, 3-methoxyphencyclidine, and mexedrone. Dipropyltryptamine, flualprazolam, and the phenethylamine derivative 25H-NBOMe are among the 19 compounds of emerging interest that squeeze into the Addendum, complete with references to the recent literature. In total, more than 280 new entries appear in this edition. The whole range spans the alphabet from abacavir to zuclopenthixol.