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Alternative Imaging Techniques for Endometriosis: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Published in Nazar N. Amso, Saikat Banerjee, Endometriosis, 2022
Flora Daley, Amreen Shakur, Susan J. Freeman
Diaphragmatic endometriosis is very rare, but can be detected with MRI with a sensitivity of up to 83% (40,41). Patients usually present with catamenial pneumothorax, chest or scapula pain. The lesions are seen along the right hemi-diaphragm and may be a plaque or nodular deposit. In addition, focal liver herniation through diaphragmatic defects caused by endometriosis has also been described as a secondary sign of diaphragmatic endometriosis (41). Typically, diaphragmatic deposits are high signal intensity on T1W images, due to the presence of blood products. The lesions may also be relatively high signal intensity on T2WI, due to the cystic component of the lesion. Therefore, fat suppressed imaging improves detection on both T1WI and T2WI (Figure 4.14).
Quality of life affected by endometriosis: Lifestyle modification for symptom alleviation
Published in Seema Chopra, Endometriosis, 2020
Sometimes, endometriosis remains asymptomatic. However, most of the symptoms include painful menstruation (dysmenorrhea), painful intercourse (dyspareunia), painful micturition (dysuria), painful defecation (dyschezia), lower back or abdominal discomfort, chronic pelvic pain (noncyclic abdominal and pelvic pain of at least 6 months duration), and cyclic rectal bleeding or hematuria (bowel or bladder invasion). Rarely, the woman can present with respiratory distress during menstruation in every cycle secondary to catamenial pneumothorax, long-term untreated disease leading to increased risk of development of adenocarcinoma, and, lastly, bleeding into the surrounding tissues, leading to inflammation, scarring, and adhesion formation. It is of concern that severity of symptoms does not actually correlate well with the extent or progression of the endometriotic lesions [4,5].
Diseases of the pleura
Published in Louis-Philippe Boulet, Applied Respiratory Pathophysiology, 2017
Management of the first occurrence of a catamenial pneumothorax is similar to that of other types of pneumothoraces. Management of recurrences is more controversial and includes several options, such as the use of oral contraceptives or weak androgens to suppress ovulation, chemical pleurodesis, and mechanical pleurodesis. If a pregnancy is undesired or if the hormonal therapy is not working, tubal ligation should be considered.
Diaphragmatic endometriosis minimally invasive treatment: a feasible and effective approach
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2021
Andres Vigueras Smith, Ramiro Cabrera, William Kondo, Helder Ferreira
The first report of a catamenial pneumothorax was presented by Maurer in 1958 (Maurer 1958). Later in 1996, Joseph describes a severe endometriosis scenario, who called ‘Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome’, defined by the various clinical and radiological manifestations resulting from the presence and cyclical changes of endometrial tissue in a thoracic structure, characterised by the presence of:Catamenial hemothorax.Catamenial pneumothorax.Haemoptysis.Intra-thoracic endometriotic nodules (Joseph and Sahn 1996).
Catamenial pneumothorax, a commonly misdiagnosed thoracic condition: case report
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2023
Laurie Stiennon, Vincent Tchana Sato, Jean-Paul Lavigne, Jean Olivier Defraigne
Catamenial pneumothorax is a rare condition affecting women in the reproductive period between the third and the fourth decade. The recurrent pneumothorax occurs between the day before and 72 h after the onset of the menstruation. It has been described that 3-6% of the primary spontaneous pneumothorax in young women meet this definition. [1,2] The most common symptoms are pain, cough and dyspnea and most of the time it is localized on the right side (70-95%) [3,4]. An history of pelvic endometriosis has also been reported in 20% to 70% of patients with catamenial pneumothorax. [2]
Thoracic endometriosis presented as catamental hemoptysis: a case series of a rare disease
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2021
Yi Dai, Meng-Hui Li, Yong-Jian Liu, Bing Liu, Yu-Shi Wu, Jing-He Lang, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Jin-Hua Leng
Thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES) is a rare disease in which a functioning endometrial tissue is observed in the pleura, lung parenchyma, airways, and/or diaphragm1–4. The clinical manifestations of thoracic endometriosis are catamenial pneumothorax (CP)5, catamenial hemoptysis (CH), catamenial hemothorax (CHT)6,7 and lung nodules8. Thoracic endometriosis dates back to as early as the year 1912 when the first case was documented9.