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Termination of acute and chronic disease
Published in Dinesh Kumar Jain, Homeopathy, 2022
It is only the slighter and acute disease that tends to terminate quietly in resolution or death. All chronic diseases of mankind cannot be cured spontaneously. They increase even more over the years. They never pass away from themselves but increase and are aggravated even till death. There are three chronic diseases: (a) syphilis, (b) sycosis, and (c) psora.
Analysis of CYP450 gene allelic variants can predict ifosfamide toxicity in Mexican paediatric patients
Published in Biomarkers, 2020
Luz María Torres Espíndola, Daniela Rojo-Serrato, Antonio Álvaro-Heredia, Manuel de Jesús Castillejos López, Armando de Uña-Flores, Martin Pérez-García, Marta Zapata-Tarres, Rocio Cárdenas-Cardos, Julio Granados, Juan Luis Chávez-Pacheco, Citlaltepetl Salinas-Lara, Israel Torres-Ramirez de Arellano, Arnoldo Aquino-Gálvez
The gastrointestinal toxicity was also assessed; Some examples for toxicity grade are vomiting (grade 0, none; grade 1, one vomiting episode/day; grade 2, 2–5 episodes/day; grade 3, >6 episodes/day and grade 4, uncontrollable vomiting/life-threatening), diarrhoea (grade 0, none; grade 1, increase of <4 stools/day; grade 2, increase of 4–6 stools/day; grade 3, more than 6 stools/day and grade 4 haemorragic diarrhoea/life threatening), for neurocortical (grade 0, none; grade 1, mild drowsiness and agitation; grade 2, moderate drowsiness and agitation; grade 3, severe drowsiness and agitation, hallucinations, disorientation; grade 4, coma, seizures and toxic sycosis. The WHO scale was used for the other parameters of gastrointestinal toxicity included: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, stomatitis), renal (creatinine, proteinuria, haematuria), hepatic (bilirubin, transaminase, alkaline phosphatase), neurological (neurosensory, neuromotor, neuro cortical, neuro cerebellar, headache, constipation, hearing, vision) and blood pressure systems (hypertension and hypotension).
The molecular immunology of human susceptibility to fungal diseases: lessons from single gene defects of immunity
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2019
The mycology folklore identifies that the first human fungal disease was detailed by Aulus Cornelius Celsus, likely around the first half of the first century AD: This ulcerative and suppurative scalp lesion, resembling a honeycomb, was termed ‘kerion’[19]. Of course, this attribution was based on the detailed clinical description, rather than any true mycological association. Ultimately, kerion celsi was recognized as an inflammatory type of tinea capitis, and the dermatophytic basis for it, favus (a chronic scalp infection with scutula formation), and the various other tinea capitis syndromes was first described by Johann Schönlein in 1839 and subsequently isolated by Robert Remak, who named the fungus Achorion schoenleinii, and who performed auto-inoculation experiments to prove its pathogenicity [20–22]. During this time, David Gruby independently also identified the fungal nature of favus (and similarly conducted auto-inoculation to prove disease causation), ringworm, and sycosis [23,24]. Further, Gruby identified the microbial nature of moniliasis [25]. Thus, around 1840, medical mycology was born, driven out of the need to understand the basis for some spectacular skin diseases.
Michael Constantine Psellus (1020–1105 AD) and his definition of strabismus
Published in Strabismus, 2018
Gregory Tsoucalas, Theodoros Papaioannou, Marianna Karamanou
In his “Medical Treatise,” Psellus succeeded to describe in his poem infectious and parasitic diseases, such as cholera, rabies, variola, helminths, tonsilitis and cutaneous mycosis.7 However, in some point, he had dealt with a plethora of ocular disorders, giving the definitions of taraxis (dry optalmia), opthalmia, conjunctiva chemosis, hyposphagma, orbital emphysema, psorophalmia, xerophalmia, ectropion, trachoma-sycosis, chalazium, chordeolum, milphosis, eganthis, rhyas, proptosis (staphyloma, helon, myocephalon), leucoma, pterygium, carcinoma of the cornea, anthrax of the eyelids, mydriasis, miosis (phthisis), nyctalopia, glaucosis, hypochyma (cataract), amblyopia, amaurosis (transient vision loss) and finally strabismus.14,10,7 His reference for strabismus was mentioned in the following passage of his work: “Strabismus is caused by a spasm of the bodies which move (the eye balls) and the oblique tendency of the muscles” (Greek fragment: ο δε στραβισμός των κινούντων σωμάτων σπασμός τίς έστι και μυών λοξή τάσις).7 Psellus as an eminent scholar had successfully gathered the available medical knowledge of his era in order to compose his textbook. Regarding strabismus, Psellus was acquainted with the views of Alexandrian physician Paul of Aegina, who was an authority on the subject, a pioneer who defined strabismus and proposed ways of treatment.6 Thus, he was able to give in his poem an exact definition for the crossed eyes disorder. The fact that he had not suggested a treatment may imply that Paul’s method was still in vogue.