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Monographs of Topical Drugs that Have Caused Contact Allergy/Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
A 38-year-old man was treated for facial pyoderma with an ointment containing virginiamycin, polymyxin B and dexamethasone. A few days later, contact dermatitis developed in the treated area. Patch testing with the ointment was positive and in the corticosteroid series, dexamethasone 0.1% pet. revealed a ++ allergic reaction (10). Two patients apparently sensitized to dexamethasone in topical preparations were reported in 1969 (11).
Scabies and pediculosis
Published in Robert A. Norman, Geriatric Dermatology, 2020
The treatment for pediculosis corporis is to bathe the patient with soap and water, and launder the garments in hot water. The use of an insecticide is unnecessary although this may help in wartime where bathing and changing clothes may not be feasible. In the hospital emergency room, office, or nursing home setting, it will suffice to take away the patient’s clothes and give him or her clean clothes and a bath. Appropriate antibiotic therapy may be prescribed for the pyoderma.
Lice
Published in Gail Miriam Moraru, Jerome Goddard, The Goddard Guide to Arthropods of Medical Importance, Seventh Edition, 2019
Gail Miriam Moraru, Jerome Goddard
Interestingly, none of the above agents is transmitted by the bites of body lice. Instead, they are transmitted by crushing lice onto human skin (LBRF) or scratching infected louse feces into human skin. Other modes of transmission, such as eating infected lice and thus mucous membrane exposure, cannot be ruled out. Walton and Horwitz12 showed a picture of a Kikuyu native eating lice in Kenya. Aside from the possibility of disease transmission, body lice may cause severe skin irritation. The usual clinical presentation is pyoderma in covered areas. Characteristically, some swelling and red papules develop at each bite site (Figure 22.1B). There are intermittent episodes of mild to severe itch associated with the bites. Compounding this, some individuals become sensitized to antigens injected during louse biting, leading to generalized allergic reactions. Subsequent excoriation of the skin by the infested individual may lead to impetigo or eczema. Alexander13 noted that long-standing infestations may lead to a brownish-bronze pigmentation of the skin, especially in the groin, axilla, and upper thigh regions.
Pyoderma gangrenosum with pulmonary involvement: a pulmonary special report and literature review
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2022
Fanfan Xing, Kelvin Hei-Yeung Chiu, Jin Yang, Haiyan Ye, Lijun Zhang, Chenjing Liu, Kwok-Yung Yuen
Pyoderma gangrenosum with pulmonary involvement is an unusual presentation of a rare disease. The nonspecific nature of initial presenting symptoms, radiological findings together with requirement of invasive procedures such as bronchoscopy and lung biopsy are the challenges of making the correct diagnosis. It is paramount for clinicians to be aware of the possibility of pulmonary involvement of pyoderma gangrenosum in younger population, as a delay in diagnosis without prompt treatment may result in life-threatening consequences. We believe that early involvement of dermatologists in patients presented with pyoderma gangrenosum-like lesions may shorten the time from clinical presentation to arriving at the correct diagnosis. In order to guide non-dermatologists in diagnosing PG, useful and novel diagnostic algorithms should be designed and introduced in order to strengthen the awareness of clinicians on this clinical entity. Although currently such diagnostic algorithms are not yet available, scoring system approach based on underlying disease, age and extend of rash involvement may be helpful for clinicians in evaluation of the likelihood of the pulmonary involvement is due to pyoderma gangrenosum or not. Furthermore, PG with pulmonary involvement is still an entity that requires further investigation and study, as its relationship with other demographic factors such as ethnicity is not yet well understood.
An evaluation of tedizolid for the treatment of MRSA infections
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2018
Ronald G. Hall, Winter J. Smith, William C. Putnam, Steven E. Pass
A randomized (2:1), open-label Phase 3 study evaluated tedizolid’s efficacy for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in Japanese hospitalized adults [29]. Patients received tedizolid 200 mg once daily (n = 84) or linezolid 600 mg twice daily (n = 41) for 7–14 days (7–21 days if SSTI-related bacteremia). Approximately 50% had a deep SSTI, defined as cellulitis, erysipelas, or lymphangitis. Other primary diagnoses included infected wound, infected ulcer, and chronic pyoderma. About a third of patients had MRSA isolated (tedizolid = 38%, linezolid = 32%). Only six patients had SSTI-related bacteremia (tedizolid = 4, linezolid = 2). The exploratory primary end points were clinical cure and microbiological eradication in the patients with MRSA infection at test of cure (TOC). Clinical cure rates at TOC were 93% and 89%, respectively (95% CI for treatment difference −15.6 to 37.6) and for microbiologic eradication were 96% and 100%, respectively (95% CI −18.0 to 27.3).
Skin diseases of the vulva: inflammatory, erosive-ulcerating and apocrine gland diseases, zinc and vitamin deficiency, vulvodynia and vestibulodynia
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2018
Freja Lærke Sand, Simon Francis Thomsen
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a chronic neutrophilic inflammatory ulcerative skin disease of unknown aetiology that may be associated with systemic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis and haematological malignancies usually located on the legs or peristomal areas. However, pyoderma gangrenosum may be located in any region, including the vulva (Marzano et al. 2012; Reed et al. 2013; Satoh and Yamamoto 2013). The clinical presentation is that of a large painful, deep ulceration that may develop after minor injury to the vulvar area (Figure 18). Ulcers may be single or multiple. Histopathology is important to exclude squamous cell carcinoma, but the histological findings in pyoderma gangrenosum are nonspecific and a diagnosis of vulvar pyoderma gangrenosum should always be considered in non-healing vulvar ulceration. Therapy with prednisolone and/or cyclosporine is often successful, but in recalcitrant cases treatment with anti-TNF should be considered (Romero-Gomez and Sanchez-Munoz 2002; Roy et al. 2006; Pomerantz et al. 2007; Reed et al. 2013).