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Poison Ivy/Oak/Sumac
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Calamine lotion, oatmeal paste, or baths (in lukewarm water), baking soda baths and paste may be applied to relieve itching. Adding a cup of baking soda to the tub is recommended by the American Academy of Dermatology for relief from poison ivy rash.4 Once out of the bath, a three to one ratio of baking soda to water can be used to make a paste to be applied to the affected area.
Other Complications of Diabetes
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
Bacterial and fungal skin infections are often treated with topical antibiotics. Chronic itching can be treated by limiting excessive bathing, especially when the humidity is low. Mild soap containing moisturizers and skin cream can be effective. Diabetic blisters heal on their own, usually without scarring, in approximately 3 weeks. The only treatment is to control blood glucose. Acanthosis nigricans is treated by losing weight and by creams that help improve the appearance of the dark skin spots. Treatment for necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum is not required unless the sores break open. Once diabetes is again under control, the lesions of eruptive xanthomatosis disappear.
Non-erythematous lesions
Published in Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard, Differential Diagnosis in Dermatology, 2021
Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard
Localised morphoea may over time resolve slowly. Topical steroids or tacrolimus will help any itching. Widespread areas can be controlled by systemic steroids or immunosuppressive agents such as methotrexate or ciclosporin.
Relationships of pain-causing substances with dry skin and effects of zaltoprofen on alleviation of symptoms in arthritis model mice
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2022
Kenji Goto, Keiichi Hiramoto, Kiyoko Maruyama, Kazuya Ooi
We previously reported that dry skin occurs in arthritis model mice and that the mechanism is related to mast cells and histamine secreted from mast cells8. In addition, we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS), neutrophils, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) induce dry skin via mast cells and promote the expression of dry skin-related factors (e.g. interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α)9. Furthermore, additional studies have revealed the involvement of dendritic cells, T helper 2 cells, and Th17 cells in these mechanisms10. As patients with RA experience severe joint pain, physical and psychological stresses have also been reported11. We previously showed that the stress hormone glucocorticoid (i.e. corticosterone) is related to induction of dry skin in arthritis model mice and that abnormalities in the immune system (particularly the thymus and spleen) are related to deterioration of dry skin in stressed arthritis model mice12. Severe pain is initiated by bradykinin and enhanced by prostaglandins (particularly prostaglandin E2 (PGE2))13; these pain-related substances not only cause pain but are also related to itching14, a symptom caused by dry skin. Itching can lead to scratching, which then stimulates more scratching, inflammation, and dry skin (a process called the itch-scratch cycle)15. However, pain-causing substances secreted in RA, which may cause RA-related dry skin, have not yet been reported.
Patient and physician preferences for atopic dermatitis injection treatments in Japan
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2020
Yukari Okubo, Kerrie-Anne Ho, Simon Fifer, Hiroyuki Fujita, Yasuyo Oki, Yurie Taguchi
Relative attribute importance, which demonstrates the importance of attributes to participants, was calculated using the attribute coefficients presented in Supplementary material 1. Cost was removed from the comparison as it was dominant for physicians and is based on their assumption of patients’ willingness to pay. The top three attributes of importance for patients were in rank order: (i) risk of mild side effects, (ii) time until response and (iii) efficacy of reducing itching. For physicians, the top three attributes were (i) risk of mild side effects, (ii) efficacy of reducing itching and rashes and (iii) add on or replacement treatment (see Figure 2(A,B)). Differences between patients and physicians as discussed above (see MMNL section) are also shown visually in Figure 2 by comparing the size of the bars in the chart. As demonstrated in the figure, patients place a different value on add-on/replacement treatments, efficacy of the treatments in treating rashes, length of time until response and place of administration compared to physicians.
Dry skin management: practical approach in light of latest research on skin structure and function
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2020
Ehrhardt Proksch, Enzo Berardesca, Laurent Misery, Johan Engblom, Joke Bouwstra
Itching is a common symptom of both sensitive skin and dry skin, which may be particularly pronounced when both conditions are present simultaneously. A history of atopic dermatitis is observed in 20–30% of subjects with sensitive skin (34). Sensitive skin has been defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations (stinging, tingling, burning, pain, pruritus) in response to stimuli that normally should not provoke such sensations. These unpleasant sensations cannot be explained by lesions attributable to any skin disease; the skin can appear normal or be accompanied by erythema. Sensitive skin can affect all body locations, especially the face (35). Sensitive skin is not limited to individuals with dry skin but should be considered in that context because dry and sensitive skin is often combined, and sensitive skin has similar trigger factors. For instance, unpleasant sensations in sensitive skin can be caused by physical stimuli, such as cold/hot weather, wind, air conditioning, or UV exposure. There are also chemical (e.g. cosmetic ingredients, soaps, pollution), psychological, and hormonal trigger factors (35).