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Environmental Injuries
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Soo Jung Kim, Alexander V. Nguyen
Clinical presentation: Affected areas are well-demarcated and appear blanched and white before progressing to a darker or purplish hue. During rewarming, edema, blisters, and in severe cases, gangrene can appear. The severity is related to both the temperature and duration of exposure.
Adverse drug reactions on the skin
Published in Robert A. Norman, Geriatric Dermatology, 2020
A photosensitive reaction is a chemically-induced change in the skin that makes an individual unusually sensitive to light. On absorbing light of a specific wavelength, an oral, injected or topical drug may be chemically altered to produce a reaction ranging from macules and papules, vesicles and bullae, edema, urticaria, or an acute eczematous reaction. Any eruption that is prominent on the face, the dorsa of the hands, the ‘V of the neck and the presternal area should suggest an adverse reaction to light. The distribution is the key to the diagnosis. Initially the eruption, which consists of erythema, edema, blisters, weeping and desquamation, involves the forehead, rims of the ears, the nose, the malar eminences and cheeks, the sides and back of the neck, the extensor surfaces of the forearms and the dorsa of the hands. These reactions commonly spare the shaded areas: those under the chin, under the nose, behind the ears and inside the fold of the upper eyelids.
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis
Published in Biju Vasudevan, Rajesh Verma, Dermatological Emergencies, 2019
AGEP is characterized by the rapid appearance of dozens to hundreds of small, pinhead-sized, nonfollicular sterile pustules, often preceded by erythema and edema (Figure 6.1). Patients often describe a pruritic or burning sensation accompanying the eruption. There is usually accentuation in the intertriginous areas (Figure 6.2), nape of neck (Figure 6.3), and the face. Other areas may also be involved (Figures 6.4 through 6.6). Sometimes, the pustules may coalesce, and Nikolsky sign may be falsely positive. Other skin manifestations like purpuric lesions, atypical target-like lesions, marked facial edema, blisters, and vesicles have also been described with AGEP [5]. The eruption usually occurs a few hours to a few days after the administration of the offending drug. A localized variant also has been described. Besides the classical skin eruption, atypical cases with overlap with drug hypersensitivity syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis have also been reported.
Clinical and dosimetric evaluation of recurrent breast cancer patients treated with hyperthermia and radiation
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2019
Sharvari Dharmaiah, Johnathan Zeng, Vinay S. Rao, Ouyang Zi, Tianjun Ma, Kevin Yu, Heeruk Bhatt, Chirag Shah, Andrew Godley, Ping Xia, Jennifer S. Yu
Acute toxicities included pain, erythema, edema, blisters, ulcerations, nausea, and scarring or fibrosis. The most frequent acute side effects were grade 1–2 pain and erythema (Table 3). Late toxicities included grade 1–2 hyperpigmentation or tanning, lymphedema, scarring or fibrosis, desquamation, pain and telangiectasias. One patient developed pulmonary fibrosis resulting in mild dyspnea on exertion. She received right chest wall re-irradiation with opposed tangents. Three patients developed shortness of breath in the setting of malignant pleural effusion. Six patients had ulcerations, half of whom presented with ulcerations at the time of presentation due to tumor growth. The 3 patients who developed skin ulceration after treatment healed with conservative measures. For these patients, the median time to ulcer development after completion of radiation was 69 days (range 45–217 days). All of these ulcers developed within the hyperthermia and radiation field.
Fractional 2940-nm Er:YAG laser-assisted drug delivery of timolol maleate for the treatment of deep infantile hemangioma
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2021
Li Sun, Chenxia Wang, Yuting Cao, Xinxiang Lv, Limin Tian, Dandan Liu, Lizhong Li, Wenchao Zhao
No children experienced heart rate, blood pressure, and blood glucose reduction during treatment. No children had liver and kidney dysfunction, difficulty breathing, lethargy, sweating, etc. Three children with mixed hemangiomas were given V-beam 595 nm pulse dye for the first time. After laser treatment, erythema, edema, blisters, and scarring were observed. No signs of pigmentation, hypopigmentation, scars or other adverse reactions were observed after shedding.
Design of lower limb prosthetic sockets: a review
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Minghui Wang, Qingjun Nong, Yunlong Liu, Hongliu Yu
Friction between the skin and the socket can lead to tissue ischemia and skin rupture, while shear injury can cause deep skin damage [15]. Shear and pressure may lead to stump edema, blisters, lichenification, verruciform hyperkeratosis, epidermoid cysts, acro-angiodermatitis, and skin carcinoma for lower limb amputees [16].