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Immunologically mediated skin disorders
Published in Rashmi Sarkar, Anupam Das, Sumit Sethi, Concise Dermatology, 2021
Drug-induced pigmentation: drug-induced alterations in pigmentation may occur from the deposition of a variety of endogenous and exogenous pigments in the skin. The pigmentation usually has a slate-grey hue on sun-exposed sites.
Adverse drug reactions on the skin
Published in Robert A. Norman, Geriatric Dermatology, 2020
Drug-induced pigmentation on the skin, hair, nails and mucous membranes is a result of either melanin synthesis, increased lipofuscin synthesis, or post-inflammatory pigmentation. Color changes, which can be localized or widespread, can also result from deposition of bile pigments (jaundice), exogenous metal compounds, and direct deposition of compounds such as carotene or quinacrine. Postinflammatory pigmentation can follow a variety of drug-induced inflammatory cutaneous reactions; fixed eruptions are known to leave a residual pigmentation that can persist for months.
Drug-induced hyperpigmention
Published in Dimitris Rigopoulos, Alexander C. Katoulis, Hyperpigmentation, 2017
The accurate pathogenesis of drug-induced hyperpigmentation is not fully understood. The pathogenetical mechanisms of drug-induced pigmentation are variable according to the causative medication and can involve an accumulation of melanin. Sometimes following a nonspecific cutaneous inflammation (any type of skin rash)and often worsened by sun exposure, an accumulation of the triggering drug itself, a synthesis of special pigments under the direct influence of the drug or deposits of iron following damage to the dermal vessels.
Laugier-Hunziker syndrome: complete clearance of mucosal lentigines with a single session of Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2019
Pigmented patches in the oral mucosal cavity can be seen in multiple conditions can be single, multifocal, or diffuse. Multifocal pigmented patches as seen in our patient can be seen in Puetz-Jeghers syndrome, Laugier-Hunziker syndrome, Neurofibromatosis, LAMB syndrome, McCune Albright syndrome, Bandler syndrome and Smokers Melanosis. A single or isolated pigmented spot is called a Labial/Oral Melanotic Macule. Diffuse pigmentation is seen in drug-induced pigmentation (e.g. minocycle, clofazimine, zidovudine, phenytoin, antimalarials, chlorpromazine, anti-neoplastic drugs, and heavy metals) and in hormonal problems like Addison’s Disease(4).