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Biomechanical behavior of dental implants—photoelastic analysis
Published in J. Belinha, R.M. Natal Jorge, J.C. Reis Campos, Mário A.P. Vaz, João Manuel, R.S. Tavares, Biodental Engineering V, 2019
V.N. Gomes, D. Tripak, S. Oliveira, J.C. Reis Campos Figueiral, M.H. Figueiral
The platform switching is widely known and its benefits have been proven elsewhere, at least from the biological point of view. Literature has claimed that this technique prevents crestal bone loss around implants among other complications over time. In terms of biomechanical analysis, the platform switching improves stress distribution, also leading to stress reduction around the peri-implant bone of implant cervix. In fact, when compared to a conventional implant with wider diameter, the stress distribution in platform switching implants has demonstrated similar outcomes (Pellizzer et al. 2010). Also, Galvão et al. concluded that using narrower prosthetic implants (3.3–3.6 mm), prefabricated metal abutments exhibited better stress levels around the implants, with the customized metal and zirconia abutments having the lowest stress distribution (Galvão et al. 2016). On the contrary, a conventional implant with regular diameter displayed the poorer stress distribution performance (Pellizzer et al. 2010).
Finite element analysis of peri-implant bone volume affected by stresses around Morse taper implants: effects of implant positioning to the bone crest
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2018
J. Paulo Macedo, Jorge Pereira, João Faria, Júlio C. M. Souza, J. Luis Alves, José López-López, Bruno Henriques
Peri-implant bone loss physiologically occurs leading to the so-called biological region that depends on occlusal loading, implant-abutment design and positioning, and patient conditions (Berglundh et al. 2002; Oh et al. 2002; Consolaro et al. 2010; Macedo et al. 2016). Some previous studies correlate this bone loss mainly with occlusal overloads (Jemt et al. 1989; Duyck et al. 2001; Leonhardt et al. 2002) although other studies claim that such bone loss is caused by a co-aggregation of biological and mechanical factors (Consolaro et al. 2010; Koka & Zarb 2012; Macedo et al. 2016). The widespread use of Morse taper implants raised this query since platform switching abutments and biconical connection have enhanced the long term peri-implant healthy state (Macedo et al. 2016). According to the manufacturers instructions, these implants should be placed at 1 to 2 mm bellow the bone crest (subcrestal) to thereby optimize the maintenance of the peri-implant soft tissues surrounding the cervical third of the implant (Pontes et al. 2008; Weng et al. 2008; Welander et al. 2009; Romanos et al. 2013; Calvo-Guirado et al. 2014; Boquete-Castro et al. 2015; Negri et al. 2015; Saleh et al. 2018). Several methods have been used to study the relationship among peri-implant bone remodeling, implant design and loading, by using strain gauges, photoelastic models, or finite element analysis (FEA) (Geng et al. 2001; Toniollo et al. 2012; Macedo et al. 2017). Considering experimental limitations of in vivo studies, FEA has assumed an important role in the study of the biomechanical of implant surrounding bone as well as for predicting the success of implant systems in different clinical situations. FEA reveals advantages when compared to experimental in vitro studies on assessing different parameters such as design, materials, prosthetic structures, loading, and positioning & number of implants (van Staden et al. 2006; Toniollo et al. 2012; Trivedi 2014; Macedo et al. 2017). The success of FEA modeling depends on the accuracy in modeling the implant and bone structure design and therefore selecting material properties and loading conditions.