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Patient Education and Marketing
Published in Jeffrey A Sherman, Oral Radiosurgery, 2020
Dentistry has undergone extensive change as a result of the newer bonded restorations and dental materials. The news media have exposed patients to bonding, bleaching, air abrasion, radiosurgery, and laser dentistry. Patients of today have become inquisitive, educated consumers. The successful dentist must learn, evaluate, and incorporate these changes as new and exciting challenges. It is important for patients to be made aware of the dentist’s effort to evaluate and implement these newest procedures into the dental practice.
A Guide to Esthetic Treatment After Whitening
Published in Linda Greenwall, Tooth Whitening Techniques, 2017
Dentists differ vastly in their preparation and bonding techniques, but a suggested phased approach is listed here. The stages are as follows: Isolating the tooth (rubber dam: OptraGate, OptraGam Plus [Ivoclar Vivadent).Selecting the shade of composite, using two different color combinations of enamel, dentin, and whitened shades.Cleaning the tooth and preparing the surface. This can involve the following: A combination of pumice and chlorhexidine soap (Hibiscrub, 4% chlorhexidine, Consepsis 2% chlorhexidine antibacterial solution or slurry). This is polished onto the surface of the tooth with a Mini Brush (Ultradent).Air abrasion using powder in different diameter widths, such as aluminum oxide, sodium bicarbonate, or bioglass (Sylc containing calcium and phosphate). This is used in an application machine such as Aquacut (Veloplex International; see Figure 17.3G) or an applicator.Etching the tooth. This can be done in two phases (see Figures 17.3M and 17.3N). The first layer is applied, then rinsed off, and a check is made to see that the tooth is fully etched. This step can be repeated.Intermediate dentin sealing (HurriSeal [Beutlich Pharmaceuticals, Patterson Dental])—an optional step.Bonding.Composite layering. Depending on the shape of the cavity and the tooth surface, the dentin layer is placed first. This is more opaque, and the whitened shade composite may be used. This is then light cured. Checks are made to see if further modification of the color is needed. The layers are placed from darkest to lightest shade to mimic the natural opalescence and translucency of the tooth. The final layer is the enamel layer. If the tooth has a dark cervical root area, this can be opaqued using an opaque white or an opaque pink composite tint before bonding (see Figure 17.8).The composite is then completed by undertaking the final shaping, finishing, and polishing with rubber wheels and polishing paste (SDI [Southern Dental Industries], Bayswater, Melbourne, Australia) and/or with Astropol (Ivoclar Vivadent) (see Figure 14.10).
Effect of ceramic material type on the fracture load of inlay-retained and full-coverage fixed dental prostheses
Published in Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 2020
Hamid Kermanshah, Fariba Motevasselian, Saeedeh Alavi Kakhaki, Mutlu Özcan
One of the methods of improving the translucency is to increase the yttria content to 5% or more. However, the resultant microstructure consists more of cubic phase which has lower mechanical properties [7,11]. There is little knowledge about the mechanical behavior and reliability of monolithic translucent zirconia used for IRFPDs. Moreover, zirconia is chemically stable [12] and lack of glassy matrix due to its high crystalline content. In fact, adhesion of the resin-based luting cement is essential for the longevity of IRFPDs but high crystalline content of zirconia makes it resistant to conventional conditioning methods used for silica-based ceramic (i.e. hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching and silanization) [12–14]. Different types of mechanical and chemical surface conditioning methods have been recommended to date. Air-abrasion with aluminum oxide particles (Al2O3) is the most commonly used mechanical treatment [14,15]. Among chemical conditioning methods, Kitayama et al. showed that fusing of a thin layer of silica based ceramic of zirconia ceramic followed by silanization can improve bond strength of resin cement [16]. Another approach leading to chemical interaction with zirconia is the use of functional monomers having an affinity for metal oxides which can be included in the resin cements and adhesives. Phosphate ester monomers, such as 10-methacryoloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) and phosphoric acid acrylate monomer are among these functional monomers [12,13].
Effect of cementation techniques on fracture load of monolithic zirconia crowns
Published in Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 2021
Janne Angen Indergård, Anneli Skjold, Christian Schriwer, Marit Øilo
Air-abrasion is a common step in the cementation procedure of resin-based cement and is a part of many manufacturers’ instructions when cementing a zirconia crown. It is important to note that they do not differentiate between the different zirconia materials. According to our study, air-abrasion of anterior 5Y zirconia lowers the strength of the crowns and could therefore lead to a higher failure rate in clinical use. Further research is needed to establish recommendations for cementation protocol for 5Y zirconia.