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Ethnobotanical Survey for Managing Selected Non-Communicable Diseases
Published in Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Megh R. Goyal, Masood Sadiq Butt, Phytochemicals from Medicinal Plants, 2019
Godwin Ojochogu Adejo, Sunday Ene-Ojo Atawodi, Kingsley Okoyomoh
The cold water extract of Vernonia amygdalina using 2 to 3 crushed leaves (approximately 10–15 g fresh weight) in 300–400 mL of water has been used for parasitosis or gastrointestinal upset, to restore appetite, physical strength, urine, and stool quality.74 In western Uganda, V. amygdalina has been traditionally used in aiding childbirth by hastening parturition.119 The two most abundant and bioactive constituents, vernodalin and vernonioside B1 are found in the plant.75
Tribal and Indigenous Knowledge in West Africa: The Use of Food Plants in the Management of Diabetes
Published in David R. Katerere, Wendy Applequist, Oluwaseyi M. Aboyade, Chamunorwa Togo, Traditional and Indigenous Knowledge for the Modern Era, 2019
Oluwaseyi M. Aboyade, David R. Katerere
Leafy vegetables, seed oils, fruits, and spices are used as adjuvants in traditional medicine. Leaves (48.7%) were the plant parts most commonly reported as used for diabetes in this chapter. Plant leaves are mostly prescribed as water infusions for the treatment of diabetes. However, others, such as the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina, are eaten as a leafy relish with staple diets. Leaves of plants such as Mangifera indica, Ficus species, and Vernonia amygdalina have been found to have anti-hyperglycemic effects (Aderibigbe et al. 1999, Erasto et al. 2009, Olaokun et al. 2014). Other plant parts used for diabetes include seeds (14.1%), fruits (14.1%), stem and stem barks (25.6%), and roots and root barks (16.7%). Numbers sum to >100% because multiple plant parts of some species are used as medicine.
Protecting Pancreatic β-cells from Metabolic Insults
Published in Christophe Wiart, Medicinal Plants in Asia for Metabolic Syndrome, 2017
Ethanol extract of leaves of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (containing chlorogenic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoyl-quinic acid and dicaffeoyl-quinic acid) given orally to streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats (fasting blood glucose ≥ 250 mg/dL) at a single dose of 400 mg/kg 30 minutes before oral glucose loading lowered 1 hour peak glycemia to almost normal group levels.307 The extract given orally to streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats (fasting blood glucose ≥ 250 mg/dL) for 28 days at a daily dose of 400 mg/kg had no effect on food consumption, attenuated body weight gain, lowered fasting blood glucose by 32.1% (metformin at 500 mg/kg/day: 35.3%) and lowered plasma triglycerides by 18.2% and cholesterol by 41%.307 This regimen increased pancreatic and plasma insulin by 54% and 58%, respectively.307 The extract increased skeletal muscle glucose uptake normal and increased glycogen to normal.307 Insulin depletion caused by streptozotocin induced an increase of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase and the extract decreased glucose-6-phosphatase by 40%, increased glutathione peroxidase activity and restored glutathione level near to normal in the liver.307 At the pancreatic level, the extract evoked a decrease in vacuolization in islets.307 Chlorogenic acid at a concentration of 100 µg/mL increased glucose-induced insulin secretion by rat insulinoma-derived INS-1E cells as well as rat ancreatic islets.308 Chlorogenic acid had no effect on β-cell KATP channels.308
Characterization and neuroprotective properties of alkaloid extract of Vernonia amygdalina Delile in experimental models of Alzheimer’s disease
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Ganiyu Oboh, Bukola Christiana Adedayo, Mayowa Blessing Adetola, Idowu Sunday Oyeleye, Opeyemi Babatunde Ogunsuyi
Leafy vegetables are a significant food with numerous health benefit, reported to be rich in alkaloid – a heterocyclic organic nitrogen-containing ring, with known biological and neuropharmacological properties (Cushnie et al. 2014, Oboh et al. 2016b, Adefegha et al. 2017, Oboh et al. 2018b, 2019). Vernonia amygdalina Del. is a small shrub generally called bitter leaf (BL) because of its severe bitter taste. Its leaf is reported to be rich in polyphenols, saponins, alkaloids, among others (Nwanjo 2005, Ayoola et al. 2008, Ademosun et al. 2017). The macerated leaves and the water extract are utilized in many cuisines and as a tonic drink for the prevention of diseases, such as diabetes and related metabolic diseases (Leonard et al. 2001, Farombi 2003, Izevbigie et al. 2008, Adaramoye et al.2008). However, no report on the potential effect of BLAE, regarding the management of human ailments including neuronal disorder. In this regard, this study emphasized on the in vitro and in vivo neuroprotective properties of BLAE, using a transgenic fruit fly model and scopolamine-induced amnesia rats.
Traditional green leafy vegetables as underutilised sources of micronutrients in a rural farming community in south-west Nigeria I: estimation of vitamin C, carotenoids and mineral contents
Published in South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2021
Shirley Isibhakhomen Ejoh, Faustina Dufie Wireko-Manu, David Page, Catherine MGC Renard
Of the two representative portions, the first portion was ground fresh in liquid nitrogen with an A11 analytical mill (IKA, Staufen, Germany), divided into 3 aliquots (50 g each) and kept as fresh aliquots at −80°C. The second portion was divided into 3 aliquots (150 g each) and boiled separately by adding the vegetables directly into boiling demineralised water and cooked for 5 minutes (see Figure 1). The vegetable/liquid ratio was approximately 1 g/4 ml. The cooked vegetables were drained, rapidly frozen at −30°C, ground in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80°C. The bitter leaf sample (Vernonia amygdalina) was debittered by squeeze-washing the leaves with tap water and draining intermittently until the bitterness could not be tasted in the leaves. The debittered leaves were split into the same aliquots as done for the other boiled leaves.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesised from the Vernonia amygdalina shows the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities in the mice model
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2020
Hairui Liu, Peipei Kang, Ying Liu, Yifan An, Yanting Hu, Xiyuan Jin, Xin Cao, Yunfei Qi, Thiyagarajan Ramesh, Xiao Wang
Nanoparticles can be used as nanofertilizer for emergent of plants but although a number of researches utter nanoparticles prevent the enlargement of some plants, few others stated the development of some other plants [3,6]. The techniques comprise in the fusion of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are chemical steam toppling, gas stage method, drenched decomposition, hydrothermal mixture, micro suspension, electrochemical technique, thumped laser deposit, microwave blend, and the gel processing [7]. The significant of the produced ZnO has possible characteristics such as antimicrobial, gas detector, photoreactions, and deprivation of organic dyes [8–11]. Vernonia amygdalina is generally known as sour leaf by its bitter flavour, which usually grow in the tropical Africa as a small bush with 22 cm to 5 m long and belongs to the family of Asteraceae kin [12]. These leaves can be consumed as a cocktail snack and its water as a digestive stimulant [13]. The foliage are extensively worned for agitation and moreover as an alternate for quinine in Nigeria and other few African countries [14]. This herbal medicine can widely used as antiparasitic antimalarial, purgative, expectorant, enema and an inducer of fertility in women (subfertile) [15,16]. And it found to be a notorious plant to treat diabetes, fever, and possess many undocumented pharmacological properties for body pain and joints pain [17].