China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Herbal Drug Discovery Against Inflammation: From Traditional Wisdom to Modern Therapeutics
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Shalini Dixit, Karuna Shanker, Madhumita Srivastava, Priyanka Maurya, Nupur Srivastava, Jyotshna, Dnyaneshwar U. Bawankule
Wide literature available throughout the world has now proven the uses of cloves in a toothache, headache, and respiratory disorders and in many more ailments. Oleanolic acid, one of the constituents of the cloves of Syzygium aromaticum is a triterpenoid known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties (Lee et al., 2013).3-acetoxyoleanolic acid 3-acetoxy-28-methylester oleanolic acid was synthesized by oleanolic acid isolated from S. aromaticum was evaluated for their anti-inflammatory properties using the serotonin and fresh egg albumin-induced inflammatory test models in male Wistar rats weighing from 250 to 300 g (Figure 3.7). Significant results were obtained for semisynthetic analogs 3-acetoxyoleanolic acid and 3-acetoxy, 28-methylester. Oleanolic acid was found to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties in the albumin and serotonin-induced inflammatory test (Nkeh et al., 2015). In traditional Mexican medicine, Verbesina persicifolia, a medicinal plant commonly known as ‘huichin,’ has been used to treat a variety of diseases. One more compound, i.e., 4β-cinnamoyloxy, 1β, 3α-dihydroxyeudesm-7, 8-ene (1) and its derivates namely diacetate (2), hydrogenate (3) and diacetate hydrogenate (4) were synthesized in lab (Figure 3.8). Further, the anti-inflammatory effect was assayed by TPA-induced ear edema test. All derivatives exerts an anti-inflammatory effect significantly lower than that exerted by (1) (Via et al., 2015).
Pain—Acute
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Wisdom Teeth: Taking bromelain by mouth during the perioperative period for surgical removal of wisdom teeth reduced complications after third molar extraction, including pain, swelling, and limited mouth opening.25, 26, 27 Patients were given oral bromelain enteric-coated capsules (30,000 units) on the day of the surgery, three times/day and continued for three days. Clove oil contains eugenol which acts as an anesthetic and antibacterial agent. Applied by cotton swab or cotton ball over the gums, clove oil may be as effective as benzocaine, the numbing ingredient in over-the-counter toothache gels.28
Tropical Herbs and Spices as Functional Foods with Antidiabetic Activities
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Arijit Nath, Rasul Hafiz Ansar Suleria, Plant-Based Functional Foods and Phytochemicals, 2021
Arnia Sari Mukaromah, Fitria Susilowati
Syzygium aromaticum L. (Cloves) is a native herb in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brazil, Mexico, India, Haiti, Madagascar, Sri Lanka, and Tanzania. Cloves are commonly used as spices for an aromatic flavor. Cloves contain essential oil, phenolic compounds, and hydrolyzable tannins [61]. Tahir et al. reported that the yield of essential oil in cloves was 8.5% with pale yellow color. It is soluble in alcohol and has a refractive index of 1.23 [103].
Microemulsion-thermosensitive gel composites as in situ-forming drug reservoir for periodontitis tissue repair through alveolar bone and collagen regeneration strategy
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2023
Yang Ding, Yuxiao Wang, Jiaxin Li, Maomao Tang, Hairong Chen, Guichun Wang, Jian Guo, Shuangying Gui
Microemulsion is an optically isotropic and thermodynamically stable solution composed of an oil phase, a surfactant, a cosurfactant, and a water phase (Callender et al. 2017), which can improve the solubility of insoluble drugs to improve their bioavailability. The formulation of BC-MEs was determined as baicalin, clove oil, oleic acid, Tween 20, PEG200 and water (0.14/5.03/5.03/4.49/4.49/105.06, w/w). The prepared BC-MEs was yellowish in appearance, clear and transparent (Figure 1(B)), with a spherical shape and uniform size as observed by TEM (Figure 1(A)). The particle size of BC-MEs was 26.53 ± 0.39 nm (Figure 1(A)), and the zeta potential was −3.32 ± 0.21 mV (Figure 1(B)). The PDI of BC-ME was 0.208 ± 0.016. The EE of BC-MEs was 93.8 ± 0.04%. This study showed that preparing of BC-MEs by loading baicalin with clove oil as part of the oil phase to reduce the dosage of excipients and improved the safety of the preparation. In addition, clove oil exhibited analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects, reflecting the principle of ‘unification of medicines and excipients’.
Development, optimization and characterization of nanoemulsion loaded with clove oil-naftifine antifungal for the management of tinea
Published in Drug Delivery, 2021
Adel F. Alghaith, Sultan Alshehri, Nabil A. Alhakamy, Khaled M. Hosny
Eugenol is a phenolic compound that accounts for 45–90% of clove essential oil (Zhang et al., 2009) and has exhibited several pleiotropic activities, such as anti-inflammatory (Kim et al., 2003), anticancer, bactericidal (Hamed et al., 2012), antifungal (Darvishi et al., 2013), anesthetic (Tsuchiya, 2017), and analgesic effects (Baldisserotto et al., 2018). Its anti-inflammatory effect might be ascribed to its ability to block the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, which is responsible for producing the inflammatory cytokines, namely interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (Zhang et al., 2013). More importantly, eugenol offers good activity against dermatophytes due to its interaction with the fungal envelope, leading to the leakage of cells’ essential elements and eventually cell death (Lee et al., 2007). Furthermore, several investigations have suggested that eugenol also offers a transdermal penetration-enhancing effect (Mutalik & Udupa, 2003). Based on the above-mentioned findings, clove oil appears to be a promising support therapy in treating topical skin infections like tinea.
Triggering of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by fennel and clove oils in Caco-2 cells: the role of combination
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2019
Islam M. El-Garawani, Sobhy Hassab El-Nabi, Gouda T. Dawoud, Shaimaa M. Esmail, Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim
Fennel essential oil (Foeniculum vulgare, family: Apiaceae) is known to exhibit antigenotoxic effect on normal tissues (El-Garawani et al. 2017) in addition to anticancer activity (Sharopov et al. 2017). Furthermore, it displays strong antioxidant properties in a biological system, including antimicrobial, insecticidal, antithrombotic, and hepato-protective action against carbon tetrachloride damage in rats (Rather et al. 2016). Furthermore, the major compound of fennel oil is anethole, which exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective properties, and anticancer activities (Tohamy et al. 2013). In addition, clove essential oil (Syzygium aromaticum, family: Myrtaceae) has been reported to participate in photochemical reactions and exhibits strong antioxidant activities and photocytotoxicity. The major constituent of clove oil is eugenol, which is attributed for many of the antioxidant properties and antitumor activities of clove oil (Al Wafai et al. 2017).