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Perspectives of Nature-Oriented Pharmacotherapeutics for the Effectual Management of Hemorrhoidal Symptoms
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Cristóbal Noé Aguilar, A. K. Haghi, Applied Pharmaceutical Practice and Nutraceuticals, 2021
Taranpreet Kaur Bamrah, Mojabir Hussen Ansari, Debarshi Kar Mahapatra
Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry), also known as European blueberry, huck-leberry, whortleberry, or blueberry, is a member of the Ericaceae family. Ethnobotanical and scientific evidence have suggested the applications of bilberry in treating hemorrhoidal symptoms. The presence of bioflavonoid makes this herb useful in curing bleeding piles by improving the blood flow very efficiently.
The Rational Use of Dietary Supplements, Nutraceuticals, and Functional Foods for the Diabetic and Prediabetic Patient
Published in Jeffrey I. Mechanick, Elise M. Brett, Nutritional Strategies for the Diabetic & Prediabetic Patient, 2006
Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry or European blueberry) has been associated with improvements in glycemic control, hyperlipidemia, retinopathy, and other microvascular complications of diabetes in animal models with little human data available [41–44]. The active ingredients are thought to be anthrocyanosides and the dosage for bilberry, which is not exact, is 80–160 mg TID of a 25% anthrocyanoside extract [14]. A related botanical, Vaccinium macrocarpon, or cranberry, is also a rich source of anthrocyanins and flavonoids. These compounds are also found in red wine and Aronia melanocarpa (chokeberry) and have been associated with decreased lipid oxidation and protein glycosylation [45]. In a randomized placebo-controlled study of 27 patients with T2DM, 240 cc of cranberry juice cocktail for 12 weeks was not associated with any improvement in diabetic or lipid parameters (evidence level 3—no benefit) [46]. There were no adverse effects in this clinical study (grade C).
Inhibiting the Absorption of Dietary Carbohydrates and Fats with Natural Products
Published in Christophe Wiart, Medicinal Plants in Asia for Metabolic Syndrome, 2017
The fruits of Vaccinium myrtillus L. accumulate series of anthocyanosides of which delphinidin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, cyanidin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, peonidin 3-O-β-d-glycopyranoside, and malvidin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside.84 Methanol extract from fruits of Vaccinium myrtillus L. inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 61.3 and 138.4 μg/mL, respectively.86 Tadeka et al. (2006) provided evidence that cyanidin (Figure 1.18) at a concentration of 500 μM inhibited rat intestinal α-glucosidase and porcine pancreatic α-amylase activity by 6% and 37%, respectively.86 In this experiment, yeast α-glucosidase was inhibited by 99% at a concentration of 200 μM.86 In enterocytes, cholesterol is re-esterified in cholesteryl ester by acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol O-acyltransferase-2 (ACAT-2).87 Anthocyanin fraction of blueberry containing mainly cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Figure 1.18) and petunidin-3-O-glucoside added at 1% of diet to Golden Syrian hamsters for 6 weeks decreased plasma cholesterol from 6.6 to 5.8 mmol/L and increased fecal cholesterol implying inhibition of dietary cholesterol absorption as a result of decreased intestinal expression of ACAT-2.88 In this experiment, plasma triglyceride intestinal absorption was not affected by anthocyanin. Hamsters are good animal models for the study of lipid metabolism because cholesterol metabolism in hamster closely resembles that in human in contrast to rats and mice.89 The fruits of Vaccinium myrtillus L. could be conceptually seen as beneficial ingredient for the diet of subjects with metabolic syndrome.90,91
Bilberry Anthocyanins (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Induced Apoptosis of B16-F10 Cells and Diminished the Effect of Dacarbazine
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2023
Xuehong Yu, Yuhua Yue, Haizhu Shi, Kaiyan Xu, Chungu Zhang, Yu Wan, Shun Feng
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) is a dark blue fruit from Ericaceae, and is one of the wild berry species in Northern and Eastern Europe (25). Bilberry fruits are rich in phenolic acids, stilbenes, and flavonoids, especially anthocyanins. In comparison with other Vaccinium species, the anthocyanin content is especially high in wild-growing bilberry. Bilberry has been shown to be one of the richest natural sources of anthocyanins (26). The biological activity of anthocyanins from different plant sources also varies significantly, and the quality of anthocyanins is also influenced by the extraction and processing processes (27). Products derived from extracts of bilberry fruit are a class of advanced dietary supplements, the use of which can help improve the health of patients and provide beneficial therapeutic assistance.
Chemopreventive Properties of Extracts Obtained from Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and Jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora Berg.) in Combination with Probiotics
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Augusto Tasch Holkem, Valérie Robichaud, Carmen Silvia Favaro-Trindade, Monique Lacroix
Studies have shown that consuming berries exhibit a wide range of positive biological health effects (18). Blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus) are berries that grow in shrubs and come from North America. They have a high antioxidant capacity, a high concentration of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, quercetin, catechin, epicatechin, among others) (19). The study of Correa-Betanzo et al. (20) investigated the effect of blueberry extract on the gastrointestinal system In Vitro and antiproliferative activity. Crude extracts were observed to inhibit HT-29 and CRL-1790 cells growth by 90% and 60%, respectively. As well as jabuticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba (Vell.) Berg) is a native plant to Brazil, known for producing globular fruits with a purple peel and a sweet pulp (21). In particular, it is the peel that contains a large number of anthocyanins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins that have a high antioxidant capacity (22). Some flavonoid compounds extracted from jabuticaba exhibited antiproliferative effects against HT29 and HCT116 colon cell lines (23).
Whortleberry protects kidney against the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity: an experimental study
Published in Renal Failure, 2018
Huseyin Eren, Hasan Riza Aydin, Levent Tumkaya, Ilke Onur Kazaz, Yildiray Kalkan, Seher Nazli Kazaz, Tolga Mercantepe, Mustafa Ozan Horsanali, Adnan Yilmaz
Nowadays, nutritionists are studying on avoiding harmful effects of oxygen molecules which impair oxidation processes of human bodies [7]. Different studies have demonstrated that antioxidants could prevent free radicals formation or reduce the producing of free radicals by disrupting oxidation chain reactions [8–10]. Antioxidants impair free radicals formations and lipid peroxidation. As a result, reducing lipid peroxidation via impairs the generation of free radicals and reduces damages induced by enzymes [11]. It was demonstrated that all bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus) and one of its member whortleberry (V. myrtillus L.) have the high antioxidative capacity, decrease low-density lipoprotein oxidation, and vasoprotective anti-inflammatory activity [12,13]. In addition, whortleberry reduces nitric oxide (NO) levels as well [13]. Bilberry’s antioxidant effects are associated with its anthocyanin contents [14]. Anthocyanin reduces free radicals, prevents NO formation, decreases oxidative stress, reduces malondialdehyde (MDA), decreases advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and stabilizes physiological functions in the normal range [15–18].