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Binders in Pharmaceutical Granulation
Published in Dilip M. Parikh, Handbook of Pharmaceutical Granulation Technology, 2021
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) is the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, an anionic derivative. It’s widely used in oral, ophthalmic, injectable, and topical pharmaceutical formulations. For solid dosage forms, it is primarily used as a binder or matrix former.
Fibroid Adhesions
Published in John C. Petrozza, Uterine Fibroids, 2020
Eleni Greenwood Jaswa, Evelyn Mok-Lin
A 2016 meta-analysis demonstrated a significant reduction of intrauterine adhesion with both hyaluronic acid gel and polyethylene oxide-sodium carboxymethylcellulose gel, although notably all the positive data came from a single research group [42]. There are presently no data regarding pregnancy outcome after gels.
Nonsurgical techniques: Botox and fillers
Published in John Dudley Langdon, Mohan Francis Patel, Robert Andrew Ord, Peter Brennan, Operative Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2017
Polymers of lactic acid are currently available commercially as injectable poly-l-lactic acid, a biodegradable polymer. They are in the same family of aliphatic polyesters such as glycolic and citric acid. They are available as microparticles measuring 40–63 μm in diameter suspended in sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Upon injection into the subcutaneous tissue or deep intradermal space, it undergoes gradual degradation over a period of years and there is increased collagen fibre formation around the microparticles with the passage of time.
Optimization of nanovesicular carriers of a poorly soluble drug using factorial design methodology and artificial neural network by applying quality by design approach
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2021
Marwa H. S. Dawoud, Ahmed M. Fayez, Reem A. Mohamed, Nabila M. Sweed
Rosuvastatin calcium (batch number A32700), was supplied as a generous gift from Global Napi Pharmaceutical Company (Cairo, Egypt). Precirol® ATO 5 (glycerol distearate) and Compritol® 888 ATO (Glyceryldibehenate/behenate) were received as gifts from GatteFosse (Lyon, France). Tween® 20 [polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitanmonolaurate] was procured from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA), Tween® 80 [polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitanmonooleate] from Scharlau (Barcelona, Spain), Stearic acid from Piochem (Giza, Egypt), Oleic acid from Oxford Labchem (Maharashtra, India) and Castor oil from UCCMA (Cairo, Egypt). Hydrochloric acid was obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany) and Poloxamer® 188 [Pluronic F68 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene (150:29) block copolymer] from Caisson Smithfield (UT, USA). Methanol was purchased from ADWIC Company (Al Qalyubeya, Egypt). All other chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade. Fructose for the in-vivo study was obtained from UNIPHARMA Co. (El-Obour City, Cairo, Egypt), while sheep tail fat and hydrogenated oil were from commercial sources. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose was obtained from Chemajet Pharmaceutical Industries (Cairo, Egypt).
Co-processing of small molecule excipients with polymers to improve functionality
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2021
Prashantkumar K. Parmar, Srilaxmi G. Rao, Arvind K. Bansal
The degree of polymerization and substitution of the polymer can affect disintegration property. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) with high molecular weight and lower level of carboxymethylation exhibited better disintegration potential [16]. Corn starch contains different ratio of amylose (linear chain) and amylopectin (complex-branched chain), which is responsible for disintegrant and binding properties, respectively. Besides, porosity of the tablet was not affected by varying the ratio of amylose to amylopectin [17]. The degree of cross-linking and extent of substitution of the polymer can affect disintegration action. The swelling of sodium starch glycolate (SSG) was inversely proportional to a major extent on the degree of cross-linking and a lesser extent on the level of substitution [18].
New therapeutic system based on hydrogels for vaginal candidiasis management: formulation–characterization and in vitro evaluation based on vaginal irritation and direct contact test
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2020
Muhammet Davut Arpa, Ayşegül Yoltaş, Ecehan Onay Tarlan, Cemre Şahin Şenyüz, Hande Sipahi, Ahmet Aydın, Neslihan Üstündağ Okur
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), a cellulose derivative, is a low-cost, water-soluble polymer (Kumar et al. 2014). This semi-synthetic polymer is often included in topical formulations (Gajdošová et al. 2016). Carbopol is a cross-linked polymer of polyacrylic acid with allyl sucrose or allyl penta erythritol (Asane et al. 2008). This water-soluble high molecular weight polymer has the ability to form good gelation (Mundhey et al. 2015; Russo et al. 2016; Üstündağ Okur et al. 2019a). Chitosan, is a natural substance derived from partial deacetylation of chitin; in fact, is a polysaccharide with various molecular weights, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity (Caramella et al. 2010). Given that chitosan can be dissolved only in an aqueous acidic medium, various chitosan derivatives are developed, to improve its hydrophilicity (Filippousi et al. 2015; Siafaka et al. 2016b, 2016d).