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Plant Source Foods
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Rapeseed oil is the oil extracted from the seed of rape or colza or canola that is the Brassica genus of the Cruciferae family (broccoli, cabbage, and cauliflower). Rapeseed is intended for the production of culinary oils and biodiesel. The byproduct of oil production is rich in protein and is used as animal feeds. Rapeseed oil is lower in saturates (6.6 g/100 g) than all other vegetable oils, high in mono-unsaturated fatty acids (59.3 g/100 g), and has a high ALA (9.6 g/100 g) and lower LA (19.7 g/100 g) content compared to other vegetable oils (273). It therefore provides a good balance of omega-3 to omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, rapeseed oils produced from the cultivars of Brassica napus or Crambe abyssinica are rich in erucic acid (55–60%) which is toxic to cardiac muscles (273–275). In addition, rapeseed oils contain glucosinolates, which interfere with the uptake of iodine by the thyroid gland in animals (273). Rapeseed is cheap; therefore, it is used to produce biodiesel. Rapeseed oil is commonly used as a cooking oil, in pan frying and salad dressings.
Preschool children: 1–4 years
Published in Judy More, Infant, Child and Adolescent Nutrition, 2021
These can be used sparingly in food preparation. Using rapeseed oil in cooking provides a better source of short chain omega 3 fats than other oils. Olive and soya oils provide some omega 3 but peanut, corn, sunflower and safflower have virtually no omega 3 content. Butter is a less processed food than fat spreads.
Chemistry of Essential Oils
Published in K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer, Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
Figure 6.29 shows some of the plant-derived feedstocks used in the synthesis of lipids and polyketides (Sell, 2006). Rapeseed oil provides erucic acid (173) that can be ozonolyzed to give brassylic acid (174) and heptanal (175), both useful building blocks. The latter can also be obtained, together with undecylenic acid (176), by pyrolysis of ricinoleic acid (177) that is available from castor oil. Treatment of undecylenic acid (176) with acid leads to movement of the double bond along the chain and eventual cyclization to give γ-undecalactone (178), which has been found in narcissus oils. Aldol condensation of heptanal (175) with cyclopentanone, followed by Baeyer–Villiger oxidation, gives δ-dodecalactone (179), identified in the headspace of tuberose. Such aldol reactions, followed by appropriate further conversions, are important in the commercial production of analogues of methyl jasmonate (26) and jasmone (27).
Comparing of the effects of sesame oil and rapeseed oil versus suet oil and animal butter on the reproductive system of male rats
Published in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 2022
Behrooz Yahyaei, Miromid Safari
Suet oil is categorized in the animal oils and popular in the Middle East and Africa. Sesame oil is mostly composed of unsaturated fatty acids with one or several unsaturated bonds (43.3% and 41.1%, respectively), oleic fatty acids (39.09%), linoleic (40.39%) and lignin, which has lots of phytosterol effects (10). Rapeseed oil is the second most important oil in the world after Soy Oil. This oil has lots of PUFAs. Rapeseed also contains tocopherol (100–115.9 milligrams/10 gram), phytosterol (459–500 milligrams/100gram), polyphenol (0–7.148 milligrams/100 grams) and other nutrients (11). According to the increasing rate of infertility among men and lack of enough molecular evidences about the effects of various diets on male fertility, this study aimed to determine the effect of rapeseed and sesame oil, in comparison with the animal butter and suet oil, on the reproductive system and sperm quality of male rats.
Phytosterol Supplementation Could Improve Atherogenic and Anti-Atherogenic Apolipoproteins: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2020
Ehsan Ghaedi, Hamed Kord-Varkaneh, Hamed Mohammadi, Moein Askarpour, Maryam Miraghajani
There was a mixed finding about Apo-AI regarding health status of participants and doses administered. It might depend on the assumed different metabolism pathways of apolipoproteins in response to PS and health status of subjects (21,73). Also, the discrepancy in the context of diet, different dietary compliance of subjects, age, gender, habits (12), sterol purity (74), and apolipoprotein polymorphisms (13) definitely have an effect on the circulating apolipoproteins in response to PS intake. In addition, it is evident that interindividual response to PS supplementation is due to subject-specific metabolic and genetic factors (21). Also, the food matrix to which PS are added can influence their efficacy (74). The most common form of PS-fortified foods are fat spreads (predominant fats used are soybean/sunflower or rapeseed/canola oils) and dairy products. It was reported that rapeseed/canola oils may be the superior carrier for the delivery of PS for optimizing effects (75). So, due to mentioned factors, interpretation with caution should be considered.
Pulmonary drug delivery with aerogels: engineering of alginate and alginate–hyaluronic acid microspheres
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2021
Tamara Athamneh, Adil Amin, Edit Benke, Rita Ambrus, Pavel Gurikov, Irina Smirnova, Claudia S. Leopold
Sodium Alginate (Alg) (MW 100 –200 kD and viscosity of 1% solution in water is 15–25 cps) and Naproxen (CAS: 22204-52-1) were supplied by Sigma Aldrich, Germany. Hyaluronic acid (HA) sodium salt (Glucuronic acid approximately 50%, pH (0.1% solution): 6–7.5) of cosmetic grade was purchased from China Xi’an Trend, China. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was supplied by Magnesia, Germany. Ethanol (purity: 99.8%) and glacial acetic acid (purity: 100%) were provided by Carl Roth, Germany. Span® 80 was obtained from Merck. Carbon dioxide (purity: ≥ 99.5%) was supplied by Praxair, Germany. Rapeseed oil was purchased from Henry Lamotte Oils, Germany. Phosphate buffer tablets were purchased from Th. Geyer, Germany.