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Role of Natural Agents in the Management of Diabetes
Published in Rohit Dutt, Anil K. Sharma, Raj K. Keservani, Vandana Garg, Promising Drug Molecules of Natural Origin, 2020
Monika Elżbieta Jach, Anna Serefko
Traditionally, konjac is used in China, Japan, and Southeast Asia as a food and medicinal product. The main component of crude konjac is glucomannan, which is a 100% water-soluble DF derived mainly from the tuberous roots of this plant (Cheang et al., 2017). The glucomannan fiber cannot be hydrolyzed by salivary and pancreatic amylase (Chua et al., 2010).
Nutraceutical Herbs and Insulin Resistance
Published in Robert E.C. Wildman, Richard S. Bruno, Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, 2019
Giuseppe Derosa, Pamela Maffioli
Konjac extract (KE) was refined from Amorphophallus konjac K.Koch, a kind of Chinese herb. KE is a kind of white crystal grain obtained from its tuber. Its main component is Konjac glucomannan,11 which is a kind of excellent edible fiber. It was reported12,13 that this polysaccharide could decrease total cholesterol (TC) and blood glucose, fat, and excretion. Recent studies indicated that KE could obviously improve glucose tolerance in diabetic patients and animals.14 This was confirmed by Mao et al, who showed that KE might not only improve insulin resistance and increase insulin sensitivity, but also lower fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycogen in liver and skeletal muscle, but it had no effect on the release of insulin. The experimental results revealed that KE might improve insulin sensitivity by increasing glucose usage of non-oxidation approach, not depending on the release of insulin.15
Weight loss supplements: herbal
Published in Linda M. Castell, Samantha J. Stear (Nottingham), Louise M. Burke, Nutritional Supplements in Sport, Exercise and Health, 2015
Some weight loss aids presumably work through fibre (roughage). Fibre is comprised of polysaccharides that stimulate peristalsis through their laxative effects, may satiate appetite and may block fat absorption, thus contributing to weight loss. Fibre-rich weight loss herbs include guar bean, konjac and psyllium. Primary data conflict regarding their safety and efficacy. Two recent reviews concluded konjac and psyllium may be effective but carry some risk of adverse effects (Pittler et al., 2005; Poddar et al., 2011).
Merging konjac glucomannan with other copolymeric hydrogels as a cutting-edge liquid raft system for dual delivery of etoricoxib and famotidine
Published in Drug Delivery, 2023
Nabil A. Shoman, Marwa Saady, Mahmoud Teaima, Rehab Abdelmonem, Mohamed A. El-Nabarawi, Sammar Fathy Elhabal
Konjac glucomannan (KGL) is a natural, soluble, highly viscous polysaccharide fiber that is extracted from the tuber of Amorphophallus Konjac roots (Vaughn, 2012). KGL exhibits some medical characteristics like lowering cholesterol, treating constipation and diabetes, and promoting weight loss (Vaughn, 2012). Moreover, KGL can possess some anti-inflammatory effect that would synergize the effect of etoricoxib in managing pain and reduces the inflammatory mediators (Y. Zhao et al., 2020; Wei et al., 2022). One of the suggested mechanisms is the regulation of the nuclear factor kappa B pathway and possible reduction in the population of these inflammatory cells thus preventing oxidative stress and reducing inflammation (Devaraj et al., 2019; Y. Zhao et al., 2020). The other mechanism is the down-regulation of the inflammatory factor, tumor necrosis factor α, which is a potent mediator of inflammatory and immune functions (Behera & Ray, 2016; Wei et al., 2022).
Nanostructured cubosomes in an in situ nasal gel system: an alternative approach for the controlled delivery of donepezil HCl to brain
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2019
Rahul P. Patil, Devlya D. Pawara, Chetan S. Gudewar, Avinash R. Tekade
Part B: Gellan gum was weighed and dispersed in deionized water. The dispersions were then stirred for 20 min at 100° C in a water bath and then cooled up to 70 °C temperature. Konjac glucomannan were added slowly with stirring. Appropriate quantities of benzalkonium chloride were also added simultaneously. Deionized water containing gellan gum (0.3%), and Konjac glucomannan (0.03%) was added drop wise at 70 °C, to the above mixture (Part A) under mechanical stirring (Mahajan and Gattani 2010). After complete addition of water, the solution was kept aside for 24 h to attain equilibrium. There was formation of two phase system which was disturbed by stirring. The whole system was subjected to homogenization at 3000 rpm (Milak and Andreas 2015) for 3 h at room temperature to obtain cubosomal mucoadhesive in situ gel. The prepared formulation was kept at 4 ± 0.5 °C in glass vials for further study (Hundekar et al.2014).
Potential applications of drug delivery technologies against radiation enteritis
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2023
Dongdong Liu, Meng Wei, Wenrui Yan, Hua Xie, Yingbao Sun, Bochuan Yuan, Yiguang Jin
Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from the roots and tubers of konjac plants. KGM consists of D-mannose and D-glucose with an α-1,4-pyranoside bond and a small number of acetyl groups at the C-6 position of the side chain. KGM is biodegradable, non-toxic, harmless, and biocompatible. Its gelation performance is one of its most significant characteristics and enables wide applications of KGM hydrogels as drug delivery systems [103]. KGM can only be hydrolyzed by α-mannase at the end of the small intestine and the colon of the human body, so KGM hydrogels released drugs in the gut for RE therapy.