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Recent Advancements of Curcumin Analogs and Curcumin Formulations in Context to Modern Pharmacotherapeutics Perspectives
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Cristóbal Noé Aguilar, A. K. Haghi, Applied Pharmaceutical Practice and Nutraceuticals, 2021
Animeshchandra G. M. Haldar, Kanhaiya M. Dadure, Debarshi Kar Mahapatra
The comparative study of the influence of bis-demethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and curcumin has been done by Yodkeeree et al.25 on the expression of urokinase plasminogen activator metalloproteinases. The bis-demethoxycurcumin has more potential for an invasion in carcinoma cells than others by zymography analysis. All three curcuminoids have exhibited a significant effect on active metalloproteinases and urokinase plasminogen activator. The potency of antimetastasis measured by the downregulation of ECM degradation enzymes concluded that bis-demethoxycurcumin and demethoxycurcumin have invasiveness than curcumin.
Nutritional Interventions for the Prevention of Neurodegenerative Disorders *
Published in Abhai Kumar, Debasis Bagchi, Antioxidants and Functional Foods for Neurodegenerative Disorders, 2021
Pradipta Banerjee, Sayantan Maitra, Preetha Bhadra, Amitava Das, Nandini Ghosh, Sayantani Karmakar, Debasis Bagchi
Curcuminoid is a blend of demethoxycurcumin (DMC), bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), and curcumin, and the principle synthetic constituent found in turmeric, mostly used spice, having prospective in the treatment of AD. There is generous proof supporting the idea that mixes got from the restorative plants have assumed a main job in numerous diseases, especially in dementia. Curcumin was similarly powerful in scopolamine-actuated amnesia, and it demonstrated particularly less viability in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory action when contrasted with the parent curcuminoid blend or two different mixes. As the inhibition of AChE represents one out of various mechanisms in memory shortfalls in AD, all things considered, curcumin would show more viability in its memory-improving impact in different models. In any case, it has additionally discovered that individual mixes of the curcuminoids demonstrated a superior impact on memory, which is in contrast with the parent curcuminoid blend (Ahmed et al., 2010).
Exploration of Nanonutraceuticals in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Published in Raj K. Keservani, Anil K. Sharma, Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements, 2020
Swati Pund, Amita Joshi, Vandana Patravale
Curcumin and analogous curcuminoids (demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin) found in southeast Asian curry spice turmeric are the most prominent dietary polyphenols that have been explored for therapeutic benefits in neurodegenerative illnesses (Darvesh et al., 2012; Maiti and Dunbar, 2018; Serafini et al., 2017). Neurodegenerative diseases of aging involve the accumulation of oxidative damage, inflammation, and protein aggregates. Curcumin exhibits neuroprotective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities by acting on large number of diverse signaling pathways and molecular targets like enzymes, transcription factors, and growth factors and also by chelation of iron (Hamaguchi et al., 2010; Hu et al., 2015; Min et al., 2018; Monroy et al., 2013).
Complexity of Tumor Microenvironment: Therapeutic Role of Curcumin and Its Metabolites
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Sahdeo Prasad, Priyanka Saha, Bilash Chatterjee, Anis Ahmad Chaudhary, Rajiv Lall, Amit K Srivastava
Curcumin (known as diferuloylmethane) found in the rhizome of the turmeric (Curcuma spp) plant, basicallyis a polyphenol. It displays either keto or enol tautomerism based on the pH of the solution. In acidic conditions, curcumin exists in keto-form while in the alkaline conditions it exhibits enol form (7). Usually, curcumin is present with its related compounds demethoxycurcumin, and bis-demethoxycurcumin, together referred to as curcuminoids. Turmeric rhizome contains only 1–6% of curcuminoids, among which 60–70% contribute curcumin, with the remaining as demethoxycurcumin (20–27%), and bis-demethoxycurcumin (10–15%) (8). Although curcumin is chemically stable in acidic environments, it can undergo autoxidation at physiological pH and form a series of bicyclopentadione products. In alkaline media, curcumin can degrade to several other products including vanillin, ferulic acid, feruloyl-methane etc. Photodegradation can also occur in curcumin, which may affect its structure, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties (9).
Molecular Targets of Curcumin and Its Therapeutic Potential for Ovarian Cancer
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Malihe Mohamadian, Afsane Bahrami, Maryam Moradi Binabaj, Fereshteh Asgharzadeh, Gordon A. Ferns
A contemporary trend in improving the bioavailability, biosorption, and target selectivity of curcumin is to focus on the design and synthesis of curcumin analogues (75). In general, two groups of curcumin analogues are known including natural analogues and synthetic analogues (76). A recent study found that a natural analogue of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin (DMC), could reduce cell proliferation and induce apoptosis of SKOV3 cells through modulating IRS2/PI3K/Akt pathways and upregulating miR-551a as a tumor suppressor (39). Polycurcumin (PCurc8), made by poly-condensation polymerization, induced cell cycle retardation and apoptosis in SKOV3 and OVCAR-3 cancer cells via downregulation of cyclin CD1/cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), CDK6, and activation of caspase-3 with a lower IC50 value than that of curcumin. CDK4 and CDK6 are bound to Cyclin D1 to constitute a pRB kinase as a fundamental regulator in cell cycle progressions and for DNA replication. Moreover, a significant loss in average tumor weight was observed in the PCurc8-treated SKOV-3 xenografts animal model compared to the control group (77).
Vinegar-processed Curcuma phaeocaulis promotes anti-angiogenic activity and reduces toxicity in zebrafish and rat models
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Wan Liao, Yi Chen, Zongping Zhu, Jiao Chen, Tianhui Gao, Boonjai Limsila, Yenchit Techadamrongsin, Lei Wang, Jiali Yu, Chaomei Fu, Rui Li
For quality control of vinegar-processed C. phaeocaulis, based on our previous reports (Liao et al. 2013, 2014; Gao et al. 2017), the levels of seven major constituents of the water decoction including bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, curcumin, curdione, curcumol, germacrone, and β-elemene, were determined by HPLC using a Zorbax SB-C18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column. The contents of bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, curcumin, curdione, curcumol, germacrone, and β-elemene were 0.00232, 0.05966, 0.2724, 0.3869, 1.2613, 0.7293, and 1.4212 mg/g, respectively. All the index compounds in vinegar-processed C. phaeocaulis samples in this study met the demand of the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China, 2015 Edition. The detail data for quality control can be seen in the Supplementary Materials.