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Natural Products and Stem Cells and Their Commercial Aspects in Cosmetics
Published in Heather A.E. Benson, Michael S. Roberts, Vânia Rodrigues Leite-Silva, Kenneth A. Walters, Cosmetic Formulation, 2019
Sonia Trehan, Rose Soskind, Jemima Moraes, Vinam Puri, Bozena Michniak-Kohn
Seaweed, microalgae and halophyte plant extracts are being explored as antimicrobial preservatives. Examples of seaweed being investigated include Himanthalia elongata and the Synechocystis species (Plaza et al., 2010), and examples of microalgae are Isochrysis galbana, Chlorella marina, Nannochloropsis oculata and Dunaliella salina (Srinivasakumar and Rajashekhar, 2009). Halophyte extracts being explored include the falcarindiol compound of Crithmum maritimum leaves (Meot-Duros et al., 2010), as well as extracts from Pistacia lentiscus leaves and fruits (Lopes et al., 2016). Cationic peptides can also be used as antimicrobial agents since they are able to disrupt microbial membranes, and such peptides can be found in half-fin anchovy (Setipinna taty) (Song et al., 2012) and Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) (Ennaas et al., 2015). As mentioned earlier in this chapter, chitosan is also known to have antimicrobial properties (Corbeil et al., 2000).
Characterization of potentially health-promoting constituents in sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum) cultivated in the Conero Natural Park (Marche region, Central Italy)
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Antonietta Maoloni, Teresa Pirker, Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig, Lucia Aquilanti, Rudolf Bauer
Sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) is an aromatic plant belonging to the Apiaceae family. The plant grows in coastal areas of Mediterranean and Black Sea and Atlantic Europe. It is rich in bioactive substances with nutritional and medicinal value (Alves-Silva et al. 2020). Its fleshy and succulent leaves are used for the preparation of cooked meals, salads, and pickles (Meot-Duros and Magné 2009; Generalić Mekinić et al. 2016). In folk medicine, they are applied as carminative, digestive, vermifuge, diuretic, depurative, anti-inflammatory, tonic, and antiscorbutic drug, as well as in the treatment of wounds and common cold (Atia et al. 2011; Zafeiropoulou et al. 2020). In recent years their ethyl acetate extracts showed activity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro (Gnocchi et al. 2020), acting on the metabolic pathways (Gnocchi et al. 2021) and on the bioenergetic profile (Gnocchi et al. 2022) of HCC cells, and improving their sensitivity towards sorafenib, a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug (Gnocchi et al. 2023). Sea fennel is characterized by the presence of several bioactive constituents like vitamin C, essential fatty acids, essential oils, and polyphenols. Previous phytochemical studies revealed a high content of phenolic acids, mainly chlorogenic acids (Franke 1982; Cunsolo et al. 1993; Meot-Duros and Magné 2009; Generalić Mekinić et al. 2016, 2018; Pereira et al. 2017; Boutellaa et al. 2019; Najjaa et al. 2020).
Bio-efficacy and physiological effects of Eucalyptus globulus and Allium sativum essential oils against Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2020
Morteza Shahriari, Arash Zibaee, Leila Shamakhi, Najmeh Sahebzadeh, Diana Naseri, Hassan Hoda
Acetylcholine esterase is a key hydrolytic enzyme in nervous system of insects that equilibrate nervous signal transduction by rapid catalyzing acetylcholine signal to acetate and choline in synaptic clefts (Li et al. 2013). This enzyme may be a target for EOs and their constituents which deactivation of AChE lead to disruption of neuromuscular system, paralytic and death in insects (Isman 2006, Lu et al. 2013, Pavela et al. 2017). Our results demonstrated that E. globulus- and A. sativum EOs significantly decreased activity of AChE in E. Kuehniella larvae showing neurotoxic effects. The AChE inhibition was observed in E. kuehniella after treatment by α-pinene, trans-anethole and thymol oils (Shahriari et al. 2018), Culex quinquefasciatus L. (Diptera: Culicidae) and Spodoptera littoralis Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) after exposure to Crithmum maritimum (Apiaceae) oil (Pavela et al. 2017). Moreover, Kumrungsee et al. (2014) demonstrated that thymol and 1,8-cineole significantly decreased AChE activity in P. xylostella larvae.