Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Legumes
Published in Christopher Cumo, Ancestral Diets and Nutrition, 2020
Another factor, the boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) crossed the Rio Grande north into the United States in 1892, devastating cotton.100 The ensuing shortage of cottonseed oil prompted farmers to plant soybeans for oil.101 As noted later, others switched from cotton to peanuts. After 1910, the tractor replaced horses, prompting transition from oats that had fed them to soybeans.102 The 1930s’ dust bowl revealed soybeans’ greater drought tolerance than grain, leading farmers to plant them.103 Moreover, Congress combatted the Great Depression (1929–1939) by paying farmers not to plant cotton and other crops that glutted the market. Because Congress did not extend this provision to soybeans, farmers abandoned cotton for them, collecting government payments and harvesting a crop that generated income on its own.104
Catalog of Herbs
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2018
Commercial cottonseed contains approximately 92% dry matter, 16 to 20% protein, 18 to 24% oil, 30% carbohydrates, and 22% crude fiber. After ginning, cottonseed includes unginned lint, fuzz, 16% crude oil, 45.5% cake or meal, 25.5% hulls, and 8% linters. The roots contain chromogene, olein, resin, and tannin. Gossypol is concentrated in the glands. Salicylic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, betaine, bisabolol, curcurmene, triacontane, oleic acid, palmitic acid, cerylalcohol, and acetovanillin are reported from cottonroots; quercetin-3-sophoroside, quercimeritrin, isoquercitrin, rutin, nicotiflorin, trifolin, gossypitrin, hirsu-trin, quercetin-3’-glucoside, and chrysanthemine are reported from G. barbadense.33
The Problems of Undernutrition
Published in R. J. Jarrett, Nutrition and Disease, 1979
History has also intervened in several instances to bring about the spread of various crops. For example, potato was restricted to the Andean Highlands of South America until the sixteenth century when it was introduced to Europe. After a few decades of acclimatisation it emerged in a form suitable for the climatic conditions of Europe and eventually became a staple food. Sugar cane was indigenous to Asia and was introduced all around the Mediterranean by the Arabs in the ninth century. Christopher Columbus took specimens with him on his second voyage to the Antilles in 1493 and the following year it reached Hispaniola and Cuba. By the early sixteenth century it was widely consumed, with sugar refineries established in Europe and a lucrative trade across the Atlantic. Cottonseed as a major source of edible oil is a development of this century and it is now widely used as a ‘filler’ oil in many powdered milks for infant feeding.
Evaluation of detoxified cottonseed protein isolate for application as food supplement
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2022
Manoj Kumar, Jayashree Potkule, Sharmila Patil, Vellaichamy Mageshwaran, Varsha Satankar, Mukesh K. Berwal, Archana Mahapatra, Sujata Saxena, Nandita Ashtaputre, Charlene D’ Souza
Cottonseed is considered as one of the important oilseeds contains around 16% of edible oil. Cottonseed meal (CSM) is one of the co-products after extraction of the oil in processing industries. This meal is rich source of protein, having balanced ratio of essential amino acids (Kumar et al.2021). The use of this protein is limited to the ruminants due to presence of gossypol [1,1′,6,6′,7,7′-hexahydroxy-5,5′-diisopropyl-3,3′-dimethyl-(2,2′-binaphthalene)-8,8′dicarboxaldehyde]; a toxic polyphenolic compound presents exclusively in the cotton plant. During heat processing in oil industry, gossypol reduces the availability of the lysine, by binding with the epsilon amino group. This form of gossypol which is associated with amino groups of the protein is known as bound gossypol whereas non-associated form is known as free gossypol (FG). FG is more reactive and toxic, hence, Food and Drug Administration has set a limit of 0.045% FG (dry weight basis). The protein from cottonseed having less than 0.045% of FG (dry weight basis) can be utilized as a food ingredient (Kumar et al. 2019). An overall schematic of industrial processing route of cottonseed to oil and protein is presented in Figure 1.
Ulva lactuca methanolic extract improves oxidative stress-related male infertility induced in experimental animals
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2021
Doaa A. Ghareeb, Alshimaa Abd-Elgwad, Nihal El-Guindy, Galila Yacout, Hala H. Zaatout
The cottonseed (Giza 80) was obtained from faculty of agriculture, Alexandria University. Then, 800 g of seeds were grinded, soaked in petroleum ether overnight then filtrated off using Būchner system and the precipitate was dried. The dried precipitate was soaked in peroxide free ether overnight, then filtered off again using Būchner system and the filtrate was evaporated using rotary evaporator (extract). Glacial acetic acid was added to the extract (1:10, v/v) then the mixture was placed in dark bottle for gossypol precipitation as acetate crystals (Smith and Halverson 1946). After two days, the extract was filtrated to obtain the gossypol acetate crystals then the crystals were dissolved in olive oil for in vivo study.