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Animal Source Foods
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Casein is the principal protein in milk and is used as an ingredient in several products, including cheese, bakery products, paints, and glues (90). Casein is extracted from skimmed milk by precipitation with rennet or by harmless lactic acid-producing bacteria (90, 92).
Food Allergy and Atopic Disease
Published in Fima Lifshitz, Childhood Nutrition, 2020
The management of a child with proven food allergy is fairly straightforward. It involves the complete elimination of the foods to which the child is sensitive. If this is a critical food, e.g., cow’s milk for a young infant, substitution with other foods must be done under the continued expert guidance of a dietitian. Elimination of several foods from the child’s diet would risk the development of malnutrition. Rarely, oral sodium cromoglycate may provide temporary relief of symptoms. Finally, in severe allergy, a complete substitution with an elemental diet would be needed. In those allergic to cow’s milk, an extensively hydrolyzed casein formula should be recommended. Alternatively, a soy formula may be used. However, caution must be exercised when formula changes are made since anaphylactic reaction can occur even when hydrolyzed formulas are given.
The Importance of Personalized Nutrition in Psychological Disorders
Published in Nilanjana Maulik, Personalized Nutrition as Medical Therapy for High-Risk Diseases, 2020
In some ASD cases in children, their gut permeability was increased and the cases failed to produce digestive enzymes related to gluten and casein properly. Lack of digestive enzymes can cause failures in the conversion of gluten and casein into amino acids. In addition, leakage into the bloodstream with a risk of passing the brain–blood barrier can be observed due to increased gut permeability (Mulloy, Lang et al. 2010). The risk in this scenario is the disruption in the operation of the nervous system due to the regulation of signal transduction caused by this leakage. Casein is a protein of animal origin and is mainly consumed from milk and dairy products. On the other hand, gluten is of plant origin and commonly consumed from wheat, oats, barley and rye. It is a highly anticipated thought that eliminating gluten and casein from the diet will reduce the symptoms of ASD significantly (Kaluzna-Czaplinska, Michalska et al. 2010). According to another theory, yet less agreed on due to limited evidence, the Body Ecology Diet suggests sustaining and preservation of the inner ecology of the body by rejecting food products which could have disturbed the immune system (Davison, Ng et al. 2012).
Detection of endocrine and metabolism disrupting xenobiotics in milk-derived fat samples by fluorescent protein-tagged nuclear receptors and live cell imaging
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2023
Keshav Thakur, Emmagouni Sharath Kumar Goud, Yashika Jawa, Chetan Keswani, Suneel Onteru, Dheer Singh, Surya P. Singh, Partha Roy, Rakesh K. Tyagi
Eggs, meat, milk, and milk-derived products are the primary constituents of most diets worldwide. The International Dairy Foods Association (IDFA) defines milk as 87% water and 13% solids (Campbell and Marshall 2016). The solid portion of the milk constitutes fat, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. Casein, a protein found only in milk (82% of protein content) contains all the essential amino acids and is used as a standard for evaluating the protein content of other foods. In addition to the above, milk is also a rich source of calcium, phosphorus, and other micronutrients (Olza et al. 2017; Singh et al. 2019). Therefore, efforts are warranted toward the development of screening tools capable of assessing the quality and safety of the milk. Endocrine disruptors (EDs) or Metabolism disruptors (MDs) may enter animals’ viscera and derived food products via chemical spraying on fodder or omnipresence in the surrounding environment. In addition, antibiotics (gentamicin, tetracyclin, cephalosporins, cefquinome) or pharmaceuticals (NSAIDs), when administered to the animals for varied reasons may get deposited into their fat tissues, and hence leach into the milk and milk-derived products (Georgescu et al. 2011; Sulejmani et al. 2012; Priyanka and Dey 2018; Gómez-Ramírez 2020; Nemati Niko et al. 2020; Di Rocco 2021; Dong et al. 2021).
Maternal protein restriction affects cardiovascular, but not respiratory response to L-glutamate microinjection into the NTS of conscious rats
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2021
D. S. Alves, D. F. S. Barbosa, V. O. Nogueira, Y. Tourneur, D. A. F. Fontes, J. L. Brito-Alves, J. H. Costa-Silva
Virgin female albino Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) were maintained at room temperature (22 ± 1°C) with a controlled light–dark cycle (dark 18:00–06:00 hours). Laboratory chow (52% carbohydrate, 21% protein, and 4% lipids – Presence®, São Paulo, Brazil) and water were given ad libitum up to the 3-month, when rats were mated (two females for one male). The day on which spermatozoa was identified in a vaginal smear was considered as the day of conception, and then pregnant dams were transferred to individual cages. Pregnant dams were fed on a 17% protein diet (normal protein group, NP, n = 5) or 8% protein diet (low protein group, LP, n = 5). Both diets were isoenergetic (Table 1) and were offered ad libitum throughout pregnancy and lactation. Diets were elaborated according to the American Institute of Nutrition – AIN-93 [13]. The low protein diet differed from the normal protein diet in the content of carbohydrate and protein (Table 1). Furthermore, analysis of the diet preparations measured 85 g of protein for each 100 g of casein.
α-Casein Changes Gene Expression Profiles and Promotes Tumorigenesis of Prostate Cancer Cells
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2020
Joo-Young Kim, Seong Ik Bang, Sang Don Lee
Casein makes up the majority of protein found in milk and dairy products. In our previous study, we demonstrated that casein promotes the proliferation of PC3 prostate cancer cells (17). However, to date, no study has reported on the gene expression profiles of prostate cancer cells after treatment with α-casein. In addition, the precise molecular mechanisms by which α-casein exerts its tumor proliferation and progression effects in prostate cancer are also unclear. For these reasons, we set out to examine the gene expression profiles of prostate cancer cells after treatment with α-casein, with the aim of determining the mechanism by which α-casein promotes the tumorigenesis of prostate cancer cells.