China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
The effect of seprafilm on adhesions in strabismus surgery — an experimental study
Published in Jan-Tjeerd de Faber, 28th European Strabismological Association Meeting, 2020
Seyhan B. Özkan, Erkin Kır, Nil Culhacı, Volkan Dayanır
Seprafilm is an absorbable membrane composed of sodium hyaluronate and carboxymethylcellulose both of which are anionic polysaccharides. Hyaluronate is ubiquitously present in soft tissues, synovial fluid, umbilical cord and vitreous. Carboxymethylcellulose has widespread application in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
Evaluation of Anti-diabetic Activity of Cleome gynandra in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Wistar Albino Rats
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Phytomedicine, 2020
T. Shanmuganathan, A. V. P. Karthikeyan
Group I—the normal control animals received distilled water 5 mL/kg PO (per oral) for 21 days. Group II—the alloxan-induced diabetic animals received distilled water 5 mL/kg PO for 21 days. Group III—the alloxan-induced diabetic animals received the standard drug glibenclamide 5 mg/kg PO for 21 days. Group IV—the alloxan-induced diabetic animals received the ethanolic extract of the in vivo plant sample (150 mg/kg) PO for 21 days. Group V—the alloxan-induced diabetic animals received the ethanolic extract of the in vitro plant sample (150 mg/kg) PO for 21 days. The test drugs were administered by suspension in 0.5% carboxy methyl cellulose solution. All the groups of animals received the treatment for 21 days. The blood samples were collected 2 hours after the drug administration on the 4th, 7th, 14th, and 21st days to determine the blood glucose level using a OneTouch Glucometer (Table 18.1).
Injectable Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Repair and Augmentation
Published in Naznin Sultana, Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh, Chin Fhong Soon, Tissue Engineering Strategies for Organ Regeneration, 2020
Subrata Bandhu Ghosh, Kapender Phogat, Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh
Bacterial nanocellulose (BC) has also been employed as a template for the ordered formation of calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CdHAP) (Chang and Zhang 2011). The BC-CdHAP nanocomposites were produced by introducing the mineral phase into the bacteria culture media. The results indicated formation of CdHAP spherical clusters, composed of nanosized crystallites, which could be attributed to the similarity of natural bone apatite with CdHAP precursor (Chang and Zhang 2011). The injectable nanocomposites could exploit the bioactivity of CdHAP and biocompatibility of the BC hydrogel for potential orthopedic applications. It was reported that use of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) reduced the average diameter of cellulose fibers significantly (almost 50% lower) than that of unmodified fibers (Chang and Zhang 2011, Polo-Corrales et al. 2014). In another attempt, BC-HAp nanocomposite membranes were tested in noncritical bone defects in rat tibiae for upto16 weeks. In vivo tests showed absence of any inflammatory reaction after 1 week, while, all defects were found to be completely filled in by regenerated bone tissue (Ginebra and Montufar 2014). Phogat and Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh have reported development of nanocellulose mediated bio-nanocomposite injectable hydrogel as bone graft substitute (Phogat and Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh 2018). They incorporated ultrafine-flurocanasite glass ceramic particulates within wheat straw derived nanocellulose matrix and the resulting bio-nanocomposite hydrogel demonstarted tunable vicoelasticity, self-standing property, and injectability.
Slime molds response to carbon nanotubes exposure: from internalization to behavior
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2021
Manon Ternois, Maxence Mougon, Emmanuel Flahaut, Audrey Dussutour
Due to their low water solubility, DWCNTs were suspended in a solution of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) is a cellulose derivative used as an additive in human food and is harmless for living organisms (E466). It is commonly used to provide stability to pristine CNTs suspensions (Bourdiol et al. 2013). First, 50 mg of CMC were weighed and placed in a vial with a few mL of tap water. Ultrasonic bath (ca. 1 minute) and microwave heating (a few seconds at 500 W in a classical mixrowave oven) were used to facilitate the dissolution. Then, the CMC was transferred in a 1 L bottle and tap water was added to obtain a 50 mg⋅L−1 CMC solution. Pristine DWCNT wet powder (equivalent of 50 mg in the dry form) was suspended in a 1 L bottle with CMC solution (50 mg⋅L−1) to obtain a 50 mg⋅L−1 DWCNT solution. The suspension was homogenized with a probe sonicator (Vibra Cell 75042, 20 kHz, 500 W, 125 mm-diameter probe) cooled in an ice bath (programming of 3 s ON and 3 s OFF alternately and an amplitude of 30%, for 30 min).
Efficacy of resveratrol encapsulated microsponges delivered by pectin based matrix tablets in rats with acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2020
Himanshu Gandhi, Charul Rathore, Kamal Dua, Samar Vihal, Murtaza M. Tambuwala, Poonam Negi
Fifteen wistar albino rats (body weight = 160–200 g), were taken, and caged individually with food and water ad libitum). The rats were distributed randomly into five groups with each group comprising of three animals. Except for the negative control group, colitis was induced in all the groups by intrarectal administration of 1 ml of (4%) (v/v) acetic acid, which resembles with the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The catheter was introduced into the anus up to a length of 6 cm, and then acetic acid was administered [31]. The full IBD model was developed by keeping animals untreated for about three days [29]. After three days, each group received the treatment orally in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (w/v) solution. Group 1 served as a negative control, group 2 served as colitis group without any treatment, group 3 received pure RES (25 mg/kg), group 4 received RES -loaded microsponges (equivalent to 25 mg/kg), and group 5 received RES-loaded microsponge matrix tablets (equivalent to 25 mg/kg) [32].
Neuromodulatory potential of phenylpropanoids; para-methoxycinnamic acid and ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate on aluminum-induced memory deficit in rats
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2019
Samita Rijal, Nilanjan Changdar, Manas Kinra, Ayush Kumar, Madhavan Nampoothiri, Devinder Arora, Rekha R. Shenoy, K. Sreedhara Ranganath Pai, Alex Joseph, Jayesh Mudgal
Chronic dementia was induced in rats by administering AlCl3 (10 mg/kg, i.p.) from day 6 to 64 as per the earlier report (Khan et al. 2013; Fernandes et al. 2018). After the probe trial on day 5, administration of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) was initiated from day 6 and was continued till day 44. On day 44, the retention trial was performed similar to probe trial (as discussed above) to analyze the extent of AlCl3-induced dementia. Later, animals were randomized into eight groups (n = 6) based on the escape latency on day 44. The standard drugs/test compounds were suspended in 0.25% carboxymethyl cellulose and administered orally to respective groups from day 45 to 64. Rivastigmine (1 mg/kg) and memantine (20 mg/kg) were used as standard drugs (Abdel-Aal et al. 2011b). From the reported evidence of efficacy of EPMC in rats, two dose levels (50 and 100 mg/kg) of the test compounds PMCA and EPMC (Figure 1) were selected for the chronic treatment (Umar et al. 2012). All the intraperitoneal and oral treatments were administered at the dose volume of 1 ml/kg and 5 ml/kg, respectively. On day 64, retention trial was conducted again to assess the effect of treatments on AlCl3-induced memory deficit (Figure 2).