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Gastroenterology
Published in Paul Bentley, Ben Lovell, Memorizing Medicine, 2019
Due to dilated venules between oesophageal (→ azygos vein) and left, and short gastric veins(→ portal vein)
Use of the stomach as an esophageal substitute
Published in Larry R. Kaiser, Sarah K. Thompson, Glyn G. Jamieson, Operative Thoracic Surgery, 2017
Arnulf H. Holscher, J. Rudiger Siewert
The veins of the stomach lead the blood to the portal vein. With only minor exceptions they correspond in their courses to the our gastric arteries. From the gastric fundus, the short gastric veins run through the gastrosplenic ligament to the splenic vein. The left gastroepiploic vein from the greater curvature also proceeds in this direction to the left side. It reaches the splenic vein through the gastrosplenic ligament.
The patient with acute gastrointestinal problems
Published in Ian Peate, Helen Dutton, Acute Nursing Care, 2014
The portal vein carries approximately 1500mL/min of blood from the intestines, spleen and stomach to the liver. Obstruction to this blood flow (whatever the aetiology) will result in elevated portal venous pressure. This in turn causes distension of the proximal veins and an increase in the intracapillary pressure in the organs drained by the obstructed veins. Particularly vulnerable to this increase in pressure is the gastro-oesophageal junction where varices can develop and sometimes rupture, resulting in haemorrhage and haematemesis. Varices are portosystemic anastamoses, communications between the two systems, formed when the direct drainage routes are blocked. The typical site of varices is the lower third of the oesophagus between the lower oesophageal veins and the short gastric veins.
Two-step complete splenic artery embolization for the management of symptomatic sinistral portal hypertension
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2022
Jiacheng Liu, Jie Meng, Ming Yang, Chen Zhou, Chongtu Yang, Songjiang Huang, Qin Shi, Yingliang Wang, Tongqiang Li, Yang Chen, Bin Xiong
When splenic vein stenosis or occlusion caused by pancreatic anomalies occurs, the blood leaving the spleen usually drains into the stomach through short gastric veins or retro gastric veins [5]. Then, the blood flow and pressure increase in the veins of the stomach wall, and submucosal blood vessels become dilated, which is followed by the occurrence of gastric varices (GVs). The GVs mainly manifest as isolated gastric varices (IGVs). Previous studies have shown that 10–20% of patients with SPH develop lethal gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding while 51.9% have splenomegaly [3,6–8].
Multifocal gastrointestinal varices: a rare manifestation of immunoglobulin G4-related disease
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2019
The branches of the splenic vein include the short gastric vein (distributed at the fundus and left part of the gastric greater curvature) and the left gastroepiploic vein (distributed at the anterosuperior and posteroinferior surfaces of the stomach) [3]. Both the pancreaticoduodenal vein (from the pancreas and duodenum) and middle colic vein (from the transverse colon) flow into the superior mesenteric vein [3]. In light of the anatomic relationship, it is reasonable to discover that segmental occlusion in the portal venous system leads to the multiple GI varices in our case.