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Physical Examination of the Hand
Published in J. Terrence Jose Jerome, Clinical Examination of the Hand, 2022
Clinical examination of the patient is not complete without vascular examination. Physical examination is the clinical and primary method to evaluate patients with vascular diseases. It is vital to look for radial pulse in both upper extremities. The radial artery lies more superficial in the forearm running under the anterior aspect of the brachioradialis. It crosses the supinator to enter the anterior and radial aspect of the forearm. We can palpate the radial pulse between the brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis at the wrist. In 10% of individuals, a persistent median artery is felt along the course of the median nerve. The persistent median artery contributes to form the superficial arch and passes deep to the transverse carpal ligament.
Hands
Published in Tor Wo Chiu, Stone’s Plastic Surgery Facts, 2018
Congenital Persistent median artery.High origin of lumbrical muscles.
The Pericardium (PC)
Published in Narda G. Robinson, Interactive Medical Acupuncture Anatomy, 2016
Median artery: A branch of the anterior or common interosseous artery, the median artery arises from the proximal part of the interosseous artery and supplies the median nerve throughout its course along the forearm. In some individuals, the median arterial branch is sizeable and continues into the hand to join in the formation of the superficial palmar arch. When present, the median artery adds to the already crowded carpal canal and may cause compression of the median nerve, leading to carpal tunnel syndrome.
Dexmedetomidine improves postoperative neurocognitive disorder after cardiopulmonary bypass in rats
Published in Neurological Research, 2021
Zhiwei Gao, Zhengfen Li, Rui Deng, Qing Liu, Qiuxia Xiao, Jiang Han, Cuixia Pu, Ying Zhang
After 8 hours of fasting, rats were intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg pentobarbital, and the operation began once the rats lost their righting reflex. The surgical area was shaved and disinfected. The skin on the right neck of the rats was cut longitudinally and the external jugular vein was exposed. A 24G indwelling needle was used to puncture the external jugular vein towards the heart, sutured, and firmly fixed in position. The ventral median skin of the rat tail was cut longitudinally and the caudal median artery was exposed. Heparin 125 u was injected into the external jugular vein to drain blood to the blood collector. A peristaltic pump was used to push the blood flow forward into the rat oxygenator (xijing medical supplies co., LTD.). The blood was oxygenated by the oxygenator and input into the tail artery. The entire CBP process took 90 minutes. Furosemide (2 mg/kg) and protamine (1.5 mg/kg) were intravenously administered after the operation. The rats were warmed by placing them near a heat lamp until they were awake.
Predictive role of endothelin in left ventricular remodeling of chronic kidney disease
Published in Renal Failure, 2018
Tao Peng, Xia Li, Zhao Hu, Xiangdong Yang, Chengjun Ma
Six milliliters of venous blood was collected from the left elbow median artery from all patients with a fasting status in the morning (at least 8 h without eating). Serum was separated from 2 mL of venous blood and was stored by cryopreservation, and the level of ET-1 in the serum was measured from these samples. The remaining 4 mL of venous blood was evenly injected into glass anticoagulant test tubes, 2 mL each. Serum urea nitrogen, creatinine and hemoglobin were measured by enzymatic methods the picric acid method and the high iron oxide method. Medication with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), an Angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB), calcium channel blockers (CCB), diuretics, nitrates, digitalis drugs and vasodilators was excluded from all enrolled patients at least 36–48 h before blood samples were collected.
The anatomical variation of the circulus arteriosus cerebri in a cadaver cohort representing the population dynamics of the Western Cape
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2018
Karen Cilliers, Willie Vorster, Benedict John Page
The anterior communicating artery (AcoA) is known to display a lot of variation and different shapes. These shapes include one point fusion, long fusion (a longer segment fused), V- Y-H- and N- shapes and the AcoA can also appear plexiform.14 An O- and X- shape have also been described.15 A median anterior cerebral artery, also referred to as the median artery of the corpus callosum, is a common variation that arises from the AcoA.16