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Trauma Systems, Centres and Teams
Published in Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner, Trauma Care Manual, 2021
Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner
According to the Intercollegiate Board on Trauma Standards,2 the priorities for treating patients with major trauma are: Identifying major trauma patients at the scene of the incidentPerforming immediate interventions to allow safe transport to hospital careRapid transfer to major trauma centres (MTCS) for surgical management and critical careCoordinated specialist reconstruction of traumatic injuriesTargeted rehabilitation and repatriation into the community Trauma patients’ lives are saved by the ‘trauma chain of survival’, which depends on a pathway that includes pre-hospital care, emergency hospital care, rehabilitation and re-integration into society. It can therefore be seen that a trauma system which is planned, implemented and managed well is required to ensure patients receive the best trauma care possible.
When things go wrong
Published in Cottrell Elizabeth, The Medical Student’s Survival Guide 2, 2017
The Resuscitation Council has introduced the idea of the ‘chain of survival’ (Figure 13.1).11 Each link of the chain is equally important and essential in the successful care of a severely ill patient. Learn how to identify, assess and manage patients at each link of the chain before you qualify.
Recognition and management of cardiopulmonary arrest
Published in Ian Peate, Helen Dutton, Acute Nursing Care, 2014
Having followed these steps, you have ensured the first two links of the chain of survival have occurred: early recognition, calling for help and commencement of CPR. You have already given the patient a significantly improved chance of survival.
The slow medicine approach to chronic pain
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Fast medicine is synonymous with the biomedical model. The body is viewed as a machine that needs to be repaired by a skilled mechanic (Sweet, 2017). The problem is identified, proper treatment is applied, the judicious use of rest aides healing, recovery follows well-established healing times, and a full recovery is expected. For example, a myocardial infarction (MI) should be treated on-scene with cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation if necessary, followed by transport to the emergency department within one hour for more definitive care. When followed appropriately, this ‘chain of survival’ improves survival rates following an MI (American Heart Association, 2020). Medicine is highly skilled in managing acute crises and supplying specialized elective procedures, but is less adroit at managing chronic problems (McCullough, 2009).
Ethnic and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Differences In Incidence and Survival From Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest In Singapore
Published in Prehospital Emergency Care, 2019
Annisa Rakun, John Allen, Nur Shahidah, Yih Yng Ng, Benjamin Sieu-Hon Leong, Han Nee Gan, Desmond Mao, Michael Yih Chong Chia, Si Oon Cheah, Lai Peng Tham, Marcus Eng Hock Ong
Factors identified in previous studies to be independently associated with improved survival can be divided into pre-event factors and event factors. Pre-event factors include younger age, less antecedent morbidity, and greater activity prior to the collapse (3). Event factors include bystander or emergency medical service (EMS) witnessed OHCA, provision of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by a bystander, presence of a shockable initial rhythm (ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, or unknown shockable rhythm), or return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in the field (2, 4). The chain of survival concept describes the critical actions required to improve chances of survival in patients with OHCA, and the 5 chain-links are (i) immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of emergency response system, (ii) early CPR, (iii) rapid defibrillation, (iv) effective Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS), and (v) integrated post-cardiac arrest care (5). However, great variations in survival rates continue to persist among communities worldwide.
Strategy to Address Private Location Cardiac Arrest: A Public Safety Survey
Published in Prehospital Emergency Care, 2018
Jennifer Blackwood, Mickey Eisenberg, Dawn Jorgenson, James Nania, Bryan Howard, Bryan Collins, Peter Connell, Tim Day, Cody Rohrbach, Thomas Rea
Resuscitation following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest requires a time-dependent set of coordinated actions termed the links in the chain of survival. Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and early defibrillation are cornerstones of a successful resuscitation strategy (1). A range of strategies have been developed to help achieve early CPR and defibrillation. These strategies include smart geospatial technologies to alert potential rescuers to respond to suspected nearby cardiac arrest and public access defibrillation programs that position automated external defibrillator (AEDs) in public locations for potential use by layperson rescuers (2,3). These programs have provided lifesaving opportunities in some instances. However, many persons who suffer cardiac arrest still do not receive CPR or defibrillation prior to arrival of formal emergency medical services (EMS) (4).