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Definitions and Clinical Diagnosis of Heart Failure
Published in Andreas P. Kalogeropoulos, Hal A. Skopicki, Javed Butler, Heart Failure, 2023
Katerina K. Naka, Aris Bechlioulis
Based on symptom onset and time course, HF may be chronic or acute (de novo or acute decompensation of chronic HF). Chronic HF can be further classified based on different aspects of the syndrome:Symptomatic severity and functional limitation; the New York Heart Association (NYHA) and Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) classifications.Risk factors for and stages of development of cardiac dysfunction and HF; the American College of Cardiology (ACC) / American Heart Association (AHA) stage-specific approach.Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) vs midrange ejection fraction (HFmrEF) vs preserved (HFpEF) LVEF phenotypes.Ventricle(s) affected; left ventricular vs right ventricular vs bi-ventricular.
Minimally Invasive Heart Failure Surgery
Published in Theo Kofidis, Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery, 2021
The 2005 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the adult defines heart failure as a “complex clinical syndrome that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood”.
The Health Care System Structure
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
The study and practice of medicine is generally structured on me basis of the various-specialties designated within the health care field. As will be noted from the listing of medical specialties in Table 2.1, most end with the suffix-logy, 'meaning "the study or science of" the specialty. Likewise, the individuals who practice in these fields are denoted by the suffix-ist or -I agist meaning "one who" and- "one who studies/' For example, given that the root word for heart is cardio, a cardiologist is one who practices (studies) in thefield on cardiology, treatment of heart disease.
Association between the FABP2 Ala54Thr and CRP+1059C/G polymorphisms and small dense LDL level in patients with atherosclerosis: a case–control study
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2023
Banafsheh Yalameha, Mehdi Birjandi, Negar Nouryazdan, Hamid Nasri, Gholamreza Shahsavari
A total of 255 subjects (130 patients with atherosclerosis and 125 controls) who referred to Cardiology and Angiography Department of Shahid Madani Hospital, Khorramabad, Iran, from May, 2018 to December, 2018, were selected to participate in the present study. Participants were a part of the Lur population, which generally had a high-fat and high-meat (grilled meat) diet with low vegetables and smoking and alcohol consumption were also seen among them. The diagnosis of atherosclerosis among the participants was carried out through the standard diagnostic angiography. The medical history of all subjects including age, sex, weight, age of diagnosis, family history, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, drug abuse and alcohol consumption was recorded. Patients with congenital heart disease, chronic kidney disease, malignancy, pulmonary obstruction and steroid hormones consumption were excluded. The study was approved by the Research Committee of Shahid Madani Hospital and the Ethics Committee of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences. Before the commencement of this study, written informed consent was obtained from all the participants (Code: LUMS.REC.1397.087).This study was administered in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its following revisions.
Diuretic therapy in congestive heart failure
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2022
Patrick Kennelly, Rajju Sapkota, Maimoona Azhar, Faisal Habib Cheema, Claire Conway, Aamir Hameed
According to the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines (AHA/ACCF), heart failure (HF) can be defined as ‘a complex clinical syndrome that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ventricle to fill or eject blood’ [1,2]. Heart failure can be categorised into heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) defined by an ejection fraction ≤40% and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) defined by an ejection fraction ≥50% [3]. The prevalence of heart failure in the USA is over 5 million cases with a further 23 million cases worldwide [4,5]. HF is the most common cause for hospitalisation in patients over the age of 65 years old [6]. HF is a significant public health issue reflected by the large burden it poses to the economy, costing $31 billion each year with a projected increase to $70 billion by 2030 [7].
Severe post-COVID-19 costochondritis in children
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2022
Reagan A. Collins, Nandini Ray, Kelly Ratheal, Athos Colon
Upon presentation at the cardiology clinic, his reproducible chest pain led to a diagnosis of costochondritis and hypertension. After a normal electrocardiogram, the patient was started on propranolol, naproxen, aspirin, iron with vitamin C, and over-the-counter lansoprazole. At his follow-up appointment 1 month later, his chest pain had not improved and he had been unable to attend school due to the pain. He was started on colchicine 0.3 mg daily for 14 days and was instructed to continue his propranolol and lisinopril. A few days after initiation of colchicine, he reported significant temporary relief after each dose of colchicine not lasting all day. Colchicine was increased to 0.3 mg twice daily. At his follow-up appointment, he stated that his pain had resolved until he went a few days without colchicine, during which time the pain returned. He continued the regimen for a full 6 weeks and had no recurrence of pain at his 1-month follow-up.