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Anesthesia
Published in Peter Houpt, Hand Injuries in the Emergency Department, 2023
Conduction anesthesia in the form of a brachial plexus block is performed by experienced anesthetists or hand surgeons. Generating paresthesia at a peripheral nerve with an ordinary hypodermic needle is undesirable because it can cause nerve damage.
Hands
Published in Tor Wo Chiu, Stone’s Plastic Surgery Facts, 2018
Post-anaesthetic BPI is usually a closed traction injury with an excellent prognosis and recovery is expected within 6 weeks. Avoiding excessive abduction of the arms or lateral neck flexion in unconscious patients may minimise these injuries. Nerve injury in the course of administering a brachial plexus block is rare but has been reported.
B
Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Brachial Plexus Block [Latin: brachium, arm; plexus, braid] Achieved by injecting the plexus with an anesthetic under direct vision by American surgeon, George Washington Crile (1864–1943) of Cleveland in 1897.Hirschel performed the block by injecting the anesthetic blindly through the axilla in 1911. A supraclavicular technique was devised by Kulenkampf, who experimented with the method on himself in 1912. It was modified by J. Patrick of England in 1940. A monograph, Local Anaesthesia: Brachial Plexus was written by Robert Reynolds Macintosh and W.W.Mushin in 1946.
Efficacy of virtual reality distraction technique for anxiety and pain control in orthopedic forearm surgeries performed under supraclavicular brachial plexus block: A randomized controlled study
Published in Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2023
Medhat Gamal, Ashraf Rady, Mohamed Gamal, Haitham Hassan
Thirty adult patients were divided into two groups by random method (15 patients each). Brachial plexus block surgery was performed on all patients using an ultrasound-guided supraclavicular approach. Patients in the control group received 2 mg midazolam then titration of midazolam (0.01 mg/kg/dose) with the patient’s request. Patients in the VR group applied the VR set before performing the supraclavicular block. The block technique was fully explained to patients who were reassured that they could terminate the VR session at any time during the procedure once occurrence of any adverse effect like nausea, vomiting, and headache, then titration of midazolam (0.01 mg/kg/dose) according to the patient request. VR was removed after the surgery and prior to exiting the operating room.
Novel technique for reversing phrenic nerve paresis secondary to interscalene brachial plexus block
Published in Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia, 2018
Developments in diagnostic capability and arthroscopic techniques have triggered an increase in the number of operative shoulder procedures.1 Interscalene brachial plexus block is a popular technique that has met surgical expectations for superior analgesia, patient satisfaction, early discharge and rehabilitation.2 Temporary phrenic nerve palsy with ipsilateral hemidiaphragmatic paralysis is a well-recognised consequence of interscalene block. Patients with pre-existing pulmonary or neuromuscular disease may cope less well with acute changes in pulmonary mechanics than healthy counterparts. Efforts to identify techniques that preserve phrenic nerve function have produced inconsistent results.3–53−5 and have not eliminated the complication of phrenic nerve block.
Safety of treatment options available for postoperative pain
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2021
Zhaosheng Jin, Christopher Lee, Kalissa Zhang, Tong J Gan, Sergio D Bergese
Upper limb nerve blocks are often employed due to the high incidence of postoperative pain in upper limb surgeries. Several approaches have been described, including brachial plexus block, infraclavicular block, and axillary block. Ben-David et al. reported a study of 336 cases of axillary nerve block, and identified 14 (4%) cases of neurological symptoms which lasted between 3 weeks to 36 months [78], while an earlier study by Horlocker et al. reported that the nerve injury risk was 0.4% to 4% [79]. Yeniocak et al. analyzed 2,953 cases of infraclavicular block and did not identify any cases of nerve injury [80].