China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Head and Neck Muscles
Published in Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Warrenkevin Henderson, Hannah Jacobson, Noelle Purcell, Kylar Wiltz
There are four paired intrinsic muscles of the tongue (Standring 2016). The superior longitudinal muscle courses from the submucous fibrous tissue of the posterior tongue and the medial lingual septum to the margins of the tongue (Standring 2016). The inferior longitudinal muscle courses from the root of the tongue and the body of the hyoid to the apex of the tongue, blending with styloglossus (Standring 2016). The transverse muscle blends with palatopharyngeus as it extends from the median fibrous septum to the submucous tissue at the lateral lingual margin (Standring 2016). The vertical muscle is situated just under the superior longitudinal muscle with fibers that extend dorsoventrally (Standring 2016).
Anatomy and Embryology of the Mouth and Dentition
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
The superior longitudinal muscle forms a thin stratum of longitudinal and oblique fibres lying beneath the lining of the dorsum of the tongue. The inferior longitudinal muscle is a narrow band of muscle beneath the inferior surface between the genioglossus and hyoglossus muscles. The transverse muscle fibres pass laterally from the median fibrous septum to the submucous fibrous tissue at the lingual margin. The vertical muscle fibres extend from the dorsal to the ventral aspects of the tongue in the borders of its anterior part.
Oral cavity
Published in Paul Ong, Rachel Skittrall, Gastrointestinal Nursing, 2017
The tongue forms the base of the oral cavity. It is covered by oral mucosa and is divided into the root or pharyngeal portion and the body or oral portion. It is a large striated, skeletal muscle which is attached at its base to the hyoid bone. It is also tethered to the floor of the oral cavity by the centrally placed lingual frenulum. The skeletal muscle tissue which forms the bulk of the tongue is made up of two muscle groups: The intrinsic muscles have their origin and insertion within the tongue. They are responsible for changes in shape and size of the tongue and are essential to assist in manipulation of food during chewing. There are four groups of muscles: inferior longitudinal muscle, superior longitudinal muscle, transverse muscle and vertical muscle. Each group represents a different orientation of muscle fibres. Together they create up and down movements, flattening, narrowing and lengthening of the tongue. They are innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII).The extrinsic muscles arise outside of the tongue. They include four muscles: genioglossus, styloglossus, palatoglossus and hyoglossus muscles. They provide movement for retraction and protrusion of the tongue. They are also important to raise the bolus toward the pharynx in preparation for swallowing. They are innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII).
An interactive surgical simulation tool to assess the consequences of a partial glossectomy on a biomechanical model of the tongue
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2019
K.D.R. Kappert, M.J.A. van Alphen, S. van Dijk, L.E. Smeele, A.J.M. Balm, F. van der Heijden
The comparison of our model to the model of Buchaillard et al. (2009) showed that, despite the coarse and substantially different FE Mesh, both models deformed in an almost identical way (Figure 7). However, the upward movement when activating the hyoglossus and superior longitudinal muscle was reduced in comparison to the Buchaillard et al. (2009) model. One explanation was that, because of the cubic shaped elements, some FE nodes at the surface were only connected to one element. The movement induced in those elements did not entirely contribute to the movement of the tongue. Another explanation was that not all the jaw attachments were located at the same positions as a result of the coarse FE mesh.