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Cardiac Tumours
Published in Mary N. Sheppard, Practical Cardiovascular Pathology, 2022
Undifferentiated sarcomas are particularly aggressive and high-grade. Eighty per cent of patients with spindle-cell sarcoma have metastases at the time of diagnosis. Spindle-cell sarcoma lacks a specific and universal histological grading scheme. The prognosis of cardiac primary spindle-cell sarcomas is poor with a mean survival of 3 months to 1 year.
Primary Bone Tumors
Published in Pat Price, Karol Sikora, Treatment of Cancer, 2020
Jeremy S. Whelan, Rob C. Pollock, Rachael E. Windsor, Mahbubl Ahmed
Several other histological subtypes of primary bone sarcoma occur infrequently. For clinical purposes these are often grouped as spindle cell sarcomas of bone and when high-grade, are treated as for osteosarcoma. Distinct histological subtypes include leiomyosarcoma, angiosarcoma, and fibrosarcoma.
Urinary System
Published in Pritam S. Sahota, James A. Popp, Jerry F. Hardisty, Chirukandath Gopinath, Page R. Bouchard, Toxicologic Pathology, 2018
Kendall S. Frazier, John Curtis Seely
Renal mesenchymal tumor (RMT) is also a rat-specific tumor that poses a diagnostic challenge to pathologists because of some overlapping morphological features with nephroblastoma. RMTs are considered as malignant tumors. The cell of origin is a stellate fibroblast-like cell which infiltrates around and entraps preexisting epithelial tubules and glomeruli. Whorls of spindle cells may encircle tubules. RMTs represent a malignant tumor as tumor growth is continual and malignant features become progressively apparent as the tumor grows (Figure 14.4b). Large tumors can be easily recognized at gross necropsy as cystic, gelatinous, and hemorrhagic masses. They tend to be irregular and poorly demarcated tumors. RMTs represent a heterogenous mix of primitive mesenchyme or myxomatous tissue. Besides the predominant stellate appearing cell, RMTs may have foci of fibrous tissue, smooth muscle, striated muscle, cartilage, osteoid, or hemangiomatous areas present. Occasionally, dense islands of fibosarcomatous tissue may be seen. Hypertrophic to metaplastic tubules and/or ducts are often present. Mitoses are variable. RMTs can invade the capsule, seed the abdominal cavity, or metastasize to the lungs (Hard et al. 2016). RMTs have been shown to react positively for vimentin. Collison or mixed tumors with RMTs and carcinomas have been reported (Hard 1998; Seely 2004). In a survey of mesenchymal tumors from the National Toxicology Program archives, RMTs were shown to be the most common nonepithelial tumor in rats (Hard et al. 2016).
Mucinous cystadenoma with fibroma: a rare combination of collision tumour
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Tanisha Singla, Chintamani Pathak, Anam Singh, Gaurav Singla, Swati Singla, Naveen Kumar R.
On gross examination we received a large grey white soft tissue mass measuring 20 × 18 × 6 cm. External surface was bosselated with intact capsule (Figure 1(B)). On cut, the tumour was predominantly solid along with few cystic areas (Figure 1(B)). Cysts were filled with sero-mucinous fluid and varied in size from 1 to 4 cm in diameter. Extensive sampling was done and multiple sections examined from the solid areas revealed a spindle cell tumour arranged in a fascicular pattern (Figure 1(C)). The spindle cells were oval to elongated with no atypia. The fascicular arrangement was intervened by thecal cells which were oval to polygonal with abundant clear cytoplasm. No atypia or atypical mitoses were identified (Figure 1(C)). Sections from the cystic areas revealed cyst wall lined by a single layer of mucin secreting tall columnar endocervical type epithelium (Figure 1(D)) with no atypia/nuclear hyperchromasia. Focal stratification was seen (<10%). No normal ovarian tissue was identified. Based on the histopathological findings a diagnosis of collision tumour-fibroma with mucinous cystadenoma with focal epithelial proliferation was rendered.
Human adipose tissue-derived MSCs improve psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice by negatively regulating ROS
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Feng Shi, Ling-Chuan Guo, Wei-Dong Zhu, Mei-Hong Cai, Ling-Ling Chen, Lei Wu, Xiao-Jian Chen, Hong-Yan Zhu, Jian Wu
Subcutaneous adipose tissues from healthy people were obtained from liposuction surgery of Suzhou Municipal Hospital. Human adult mesenchymal stem cells were present in abundance in adipose tissue, which could be obtained as waste material from liposuction surgery. Through digestion, adherent purification, culture and expansion, we obtained a group of homogeneous fibroblast-like spindle cells with good cell proliferation ability, obvious exponential growth phase (Figure 1(A)). When expanding to the third generation, the cells were identified according to the characteristics of the reported mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In addition, the differentiation was induced by lipogenic/osteogenic conditioned medium. The cells exhibited good lipid droplet formation or calcium nodule formation, which was consistent with the description of MSCs in literature reports, that was, it had the potential of lipogenic/osteogenic differentiation (Figure 1(B,C)).
How can we better distinguish metastatic tumors from primary tumors in the breast?
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2021
In the remaining one-third of cases, however, the histology could not be distinguished from primary breast tumors [3]. The following examples are histological features shared by both metastatic and primary tumors: 1) high-grade solid growth pattern in both metastatic poorly differentiated carcinoma and primary grade 3 invasive carcinoma of no special type, 2) micropapillary architecture in metastatic serous carcinoma and primary invasive micropapillary carcinoma, 3) extensive squamous differentiation in both metastatic squamous cell carcinoma and primary squamous cell carcinoma, a subtype of metaplastic carcinoma, 4) signet ring cell morphology in both metastatic gastric cancer and primary lobular carcinoma, and 5) spindle cell morphology in both metastatic sarcoma and primary spindle cell carcinoma or malignant phyllodes tumor.