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Introduction
Published in J. Terrence Jose Jerome, Clinical Examination of the Hand, 2022
Prehension is a combination of various complex activities used by the hand in grasping and reaching for an object. The functions can be communication, writing, feeding, cleaning, working, hunting, making tools, participating in cultural and social activities where the hand is innate as an irreplaceable organ for its multifaceted functions. The movement of the thumb and other fingers to grasp an object is an integral part of prehension. Prehension is not purely a motor act like holding items with these fingers. It involves an intention to do, sensory control and, finally, implementation of a motor act such as grip. The central nervous system, tactile and proprioceptive sensibility, controls the prehension.
Exploring Experiences of Learning and Practice
Published in A. O. Mahendran, Moments of Rupture: The Importance of Affect in Medical Education and Surgical Training, 2019
Previous similar experiences may influence her prehension of this particular encounter. For example, in my own narrative of the organ procurement (see Chapter 1) it appears that the other members of the team do not share my affective responses to the event. It may be that repeated exposure to the same operation means that their prehension of that particular operation is different to mine. However, what I emphasize here is that prehension is about how, in the moment, the thisness of practice can make a difference to this practitioner.
Development of fundamental movement skills
Published in Andrea Utley, Motor Control, Learning and Development, 2018
Numerous experiments have been conducted to discover if the components of reaching and grasping are controlled independently or if there is a dependency between the transport and grasp phase. Smooth coordination of reaching and grasping is not innate but evolves gradually through ontogeny (Jeannerod 1986). However, compared to the numerous analyses of prehension in human adults, limited kinematic data are available concerning children.
Hand functionality in dentists: the effect of anthropometric dimensions and specialty
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Mahnaz Saremi, Sajjad Rostamzadeh, Mahmoud Nasr Esfahani
The main aim of the present study was to investigate whether functionality of the upper extremity is specialty-related among dentists and modulated by socio-demographic and anthropometric factors. Hand functionality was determined by four types of hand force (i.e., handgrip, tip-to-tip pinch, key pinch and palmar pinch strengths). The results showed that the functionality of dentists’ hands varies as a function of the specialty predominantly performed by them and the type of prehension. This could, in fact, be due to the different task demands imposed by distinct dental specialties on dentists. Our sample consisted of dental specialists who were often involved in their own specialty-related treatments. It could then be supposed that they may be differently exposed to WMSD risk factors arising from that specific treatment procedure or the instruments more frequently used.
Reach/Grasp Times with Lateral Reach Obstructions
Published in Journal of Motor Behavior, 2019
Errol R. Hoffmann, Alan H. S. Chan, Christy K. Y. Lam
A number of different models have been suggested for the process of prehension of an object (see Biegstraaten, Smeets, & Brenner, 2003 for a brief review). In particular, various modifications of Fitts’ law have been used to describe the time taken for the reach and grasp movement. These models have generally been based on the distance that the hand has to move to the object to be grasped (the reach or transport part of the motion) and, when there are obstructing objects to the sides of the target object, the gaps that are available for the fingers to be inserted to make the grasp. To fully understand the problem of reach and grasp when there are target obstructions, it is first necessary to have some understanding of the factors that affect reach/grasp when there are no obstructions to the grasp.
Shaping of Reach-to-Grasp Kinematics by Intentions: A Meta-Analysis
Published in Journal of Motor Behavior, 2018
Reach-to-grasp movements (prehension) are performed routinely in daily life. On the one hand, prehension is a rather simple act always consisting of two phases, a reach and a grasp. On the other hand, while reaching and grasping we have to adjust to several parameters: objects of different sizes, weights, and textures; placement at different distances; and different intentions. Thus, while the prehension act is the same, the circumstances under which it is performed vary widely. Despite this, most of the time we move without awareness of the detailed planning behind our reach-to-grasp actions. Studying prehension is a way of studying motor control: Which information governs our movements, and how do we adapt to that information?