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Isolation, Fractionation, and Analysis of Nonhistone Chromosomal Proteins
Published in Lubomir S. Hnilica, Chromosomal Nonhistone Proteins, 2018
Leokadia Klyszejko-Stefanowicz, Lubomir S. Hnilica
At present, the most powerful procedure for the resolution of NHCP by two-dimensional electrophoresis involves the application of O’Farrel’s technique.347 This high-resolution method which has resolved 1100 different components from Escherichia coli347 and up to 1600 components of total cell protein from a rat hepatoma cell line,76 and which is potentially able to resolve some 7000 proteins, has opened a new era in the analysis and detection of proteins in complex biological systems. It has initiated the idea of “protein explosion”348 and “molecular anatomy”.349,350 Indeed, using this technique the detection of proteins by both stain and autoradiography is very sensitive. Staining with Coomassie® blue or with the recently developed silver staining procedure can detect less than 0.01 μg of protein, and calibration curves for autoradiography show that a spot containing as little as one disintegration per minute of either 14C or 35S can be quantified after 20-day exposure (a protein which constitutes 10−4 to 10−5% of total can be detected by autoradiography).347
Introduction: Biomedical innovation and policy in the twenty-first century
Published in Priya Hays, Advancing Healthcare Through Personalized Medicine, 2017
For the first time, cancer researchers now have the necessary tools to probe the molecular anatomy of tumor cells in search of cancer-causing proteins,” said Richard Klausner of the National Cancer Institute. “Gleevec offers proof that molecular targeting works in treating cancer, provided that the target is correctly chosen. The challenge now is to find these targets (http://www.cccbiotechnology.com/WN/SU/gleevecnews.php).
Anatomy
Published in Hutan Ashrafian, Surgical Philosophy, 2015
1.We may distinguish six kinds of anatomy, to wit: (1) bones, (2) nerves, (3) muscles, (4) vasculature, (5) lymphatic system, (6) organs. These can be studied through (a) gross or macroscopic anatomy (regional, systemic, surface); (b) microscopic anatomy (cytology for cells and histology for tissues); (c) molecular anatomy; and (d) developmental anatomy (embryology).
Therapeutic approaches for targeting receptor tyrosine kinase like orphan receptor-1 in cancer cells
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets, 2019
Amin Kamrani, Amir Mehdizadeh, Majid Ahmadi, Leili Aghebati-Maleki, Mehdi Yousefi
ROR-1 (receptor tyrosine kinase orphan receptor-1) is a member of RTK superfamily. Fifty eight members of RTKs are classified into 20 different receptor families [8]. All RTKs have similar molecular anatomy containing an extracellular ligand binding domain, transmembrane region and intracellular TK domain [9]. ROR-1 is a type 1 transmembrane protein with 3 extracellular parts including Kringle domain(KNG), Cysteine-Rich Domain (CRD) (also known as Frizzled Domain(FZD)), immunoglobulin-like domain, transmembrane part, intracellular TK domain, proline-rich domain, and serin-threonin motif [10]. ROR-1 has located on chromosome 1p31-p32 encoding 937 amino acids (≈ 104 KDa). However, post-translational modification of ROR-1 adds numerous N-glycosylation regions causing the final protein molecular weight to be about 130KDa [5,11]. ‘Orphan’ is related to previously unknown ROR-1 ligands however, later studies revealed that ROR-1 has the ability to bind wnt5a probably via its extracellular CRD [12,13].