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Upper Limb Muscles
Published in Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo
In a neonate with trisomy 13, the right biceps brachii had two accessory heads (Aziz 1980). One arose from the medial crest of the bicipital groove, and the other arose from the distal half of the humerus. Biceps brachii on this side also received two slips from brachialis. On the left side, the short head of the biceps was absent, but there were also two accessory heads. One arose from the lesser tubercle, and the other arose from the proximal humerus.
Fundamentals
Published in Clare E. Milner, Functional Anatomy for Sport and Exercise, 2019
Non-articulating surfaces for the attachment of ligaments and tendons include large rough processes called tuberosities, such as the tibial tuberosity for the attachment of the tendon of quadriceps (see knee – bones). A small rounded process is known as a tubercle, such as the greater and lesser tubercles of the proximal humerus (see shoulder complex – bones). A process is a bony prominence, like the xiphoid process on the distal end of the sternum (see thoracic region – bones). A spine is a sharp process, such as the anterior superior iliac spine of the pelvis (see lumbar spine and pelvis – bones). An epicondyle is a projection above a condyle, such as the lateral and medial epicondyles of the femur (see knee – bones). There are two kinds of depression found on the bones: a shallow depression called a fossa and a small pit called a fovea. Examples are the iliac fossa of the pelvis (see lumbar spine and pelvis – bones) and the fovea capitis of the head of the femur (see hip – bones). There are various holes through the bones, known as foramina. For example, every vertebra has a vertebral foramen for the spinal cord to pass through (see vertebral structure).
Upper limb
Published in Aida Lai, Essential Concepts in Anatomy and Pathology for Undergraduate Revision, 2018
Attachments of subscapularis– origin: subscapular fossa– insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus– nerve SS: U. + L. subscapular n. (C5 and 6)– function: medially rotate arm, stabilise shoulder joint– separated from shoulder joint by a large bursa
Shoulder magnetic resonance imaging findings in manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2022
Omid Jahanian, Meegan G. Van Straaten, Brianna M. Goodwin, Ryan J. Lennon, Jonathan D. Barlow, Naveen S. Murthy, Melissa M.B. Morrow
The long head of the biceps tendon originates on the supraglenoid tubercle, curving over the humeral head and entering the bicipital groove between the supraspinatus and subscapularis tendons (the rotator cuff interval).23 In the region of the rotator cuff interval many structures are intimately associated with each other including the long head of the biceps, the superior subscapularis tendon, the anterior supraspinatus tendon, and ligaments of the shoulder.23 The medial border of the biceps pulley is formed by the attachment of the subscapularis tendon to the lesser tubercle of the humerus, therefore disruption of the subscapularis is commonly seen with medial subluxation of the biceps tendon.24 Surgeons often observe concomitant subscapularis and biceps tendon pathology at the time of treatment for supraspinatus and infraspinatus tears.24 Mehta and colleagues recently found that the prevalence of biceps disease was significantly related to the size of posterior/superior rotator cuff tears, thus highlighting the importance of reporting concomitant biceps disease with rotator cuff data.24
A custom-made distal humerus plate fabricated by selective laser melting
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2021
Thansita Thomrungpiyathan, Suriya Luenam, Boonrat Lohwongwatana, Winai Sirichativapee, Kriengkrai Nabudda, Chedtha Puncreobutr
Computational simulations were performed with a compression load of 200 N in axial direction on the distal end of humerus bone (Sabalic et al. 2013; Kudo et al. 2016). Note that the load is also in a testing range to evaluate load bearing in primary rehabilitation (Varady et al. 2017). As shown in Figure 2, the load was applied on surfaces of capitellum and trochlea in all models. The proximal end of humerus bone, include greater tubercle, lesser tubercle and intertubercular groove was defined as fixed support. As suggested in previous study (Bogataj et al. 2015), bolt pretension load of 10 N was also applied to all screws. Two types of contact conditions were defined. Contact interactions that allow finite sliding with zero friction coefficient (no separation constraint) were defined between the bone and the plates as well as between the screws and plate. Bonded contact constraint was applied between the screws and the surrounding bone as well as between the cortical bone and the trabecular bone.
Comparison of low level and high power laser combined with kinesiology taping on shoulder function and musculoskeletal sonography parameters in subacromial impingement syndrome: a Randomized placebo-controlled trial
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Zohreh Zaki, Roya Ravanbod, Marc Schmitz, Kambiz Abbasi
The biceps tendon was assessed in sitting position while humerus was placed beside the torso and elbow with approximately 90° of flexion and supination on the patient’s thigh. Therefore, patient’s forearm was adjusted such that, long head of biceps appeared exactly in the middle of the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus (Collebrusco, Lombardini, and Censi, 2017; Collinger et al., 2009). Short and long diameters of the biceps tendon in short axis were measured and their mean was reported as diameters of the biceps tendon. Cross-sectional area (CSA) of biceps was also measured in the short axis.