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Head and Neck Muscles
Published in Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Warrenkevin Henderson, Hannah Jacobson, Noelle Purcell, Kylar Wiltz
The morphology of levator veli palatini may vary in individuals with cleft palate or other palatal anomalies (e.g., Pettersen 1984; Lindman et al. 2001; Senoo et al. 2001; Arnold et al. 2005; Kotlarek et al. 2017; Trudel et al. 2018). In a male neonate with Meckel syndrome, Pettersen (1984) observed that the right levator veli palatini split around the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate and attached onto the periosteum of the partial palatal shelf. The left muscle traveled medial to the hamulus and attached to the small flap of the soft palate. Kotlarek et al. (2017) found that levator veli palatini had smaller circumference, diameter, and volume in adults with repaired cleft palate than in adults without cleft palate.
A Study of Facial Growth in Patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Treated by the Oslo CLP Team
Published in Niall MH McLeod, Peter A Brennan, 50 Landmark Papers every Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon Should Know, 2020
The subsequent repair of the remaining posterior cleft palate was carried out using a von Langenbeck repair in all patients. Lateral palatal release incisions were therefore performed in all patients, a muscle dissection was included, and the pterygoid hamuli were routinely in-fractured. The posterior cleft palate repair was initially undertaken at 3–4 years, but this gradually reduced during the study period and by 1974 all palate repairs were completed by 18 months of age. Bone grafting of the alveolar cleft was introduced in 1977 and carried out on patients between 8 and 11 years of age. Secondary cleft lip and nose revision was carried out in almost all patients, usually after completion of orthodontics (around 15 years of age). When required, surgery for velopharyngeal insufficiency was carried out preferably before the child started school (7 years of age) using a superiorly based pharyngeal flap.
Clefts and craniofacial
Published in Tor Wo Chiu, Stone’s Plastic Surgery Facts, 2018
The mucoperiosteum of the hard palate is pushed posteriorly whilst transposing myomucosal flaps based on the greater palatine neurovascular bundles towards the midline. New bone is formed under the transposed periosteum. The relatively large anterolateral donor defects are usually packed with a haemostatic material such as Surgicel; there are concerns that the extensive denudation of bone may inhibit maxillary growth. Original descriptions included fracture of the hamulus to release tensor palate, but it is no longer commonly done.
Desmoid fibromatosis presenting as lateral hip pain in an outpatient physical therapy clinic: A case report
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2023
Kelli Wrolstad, John J Mischke, Audrey RC Elias
The location of pain was not typical with that commonly seen in patients with acetabular labral tear since the vast majority of acetabular labrum tears are associated with anterior hip or groin pain (Cheatham, Enseki, and Kolber, 2016; Groh and Herrera, 2009; Reiman and Thorborg, 2014). In fact, Hamula et al. (2020) found only 6.7% of subjects with labral tears had pain isolated to the lateral hip region. Thus, the isolated lateral location of her hip pain that occasionally extended distally to the calf would be uncommon compared to the typical presentation of a labral tear. Labral tears commonly present with mechanical symptoms such as clicking, locking, catching, or giving way (Cheatham, Enseki, and Kolber, 2016; Groh and Herrera, 2009), none of which the patient had experienced. Patients with labral tears also frequently experience pain reproduction during combined passive flexion, adduction, and internal rotation due to increased strain on the labrum (Reiman, Mather, Hash, and Cook, 2014). The patient demonstrated restrictions in those motions, but also total loss of external rotation with a firm end-feel, which is not expected with a labral tear. Thus, the location of pain, limited external rotation, mechanism of injury, as well as the severe nature of her pain was inconsistent with a typical presentation of an acetabular labral lesion.
Prospective multi-center study on expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2019
Guillermo Plaza, Peter Baptista, Carlos O'Connor-Reina, Gabriela Bosco, Nuria Pérez-Martín, Kenny P. Pang
Taking into account the important role of the lateral pharyngeal wall and, more precisely, the increased collapsibility in patients with OSAHS, Cahali [3] first described this important issue with a novel technique, lateral pharyngoplasty. Pang and Woodson [4] in 2007, described the ESP to treat patients with OSAHS. The philosophy of this procedure is to transform a ‘bad’ muscle, the palatopharyngeus muscle, into a ‘good’ one. The aim is to caudally detach it from its insertions in the constrictor muscles and, once released, rotate it upwards and laterally, to suture it again at the height of the pterygoid hamulus, at the pterygomandibular raphe. Although some authors do not accept that changing the direction vector of the muscle might keep it as a functioning muscle [10,11], at least by cutting the caudal edge of the muscle, its closing action is very reduced, as can be seen during the procedure while electrically stimulating it.