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Immunochemical Approaches to the Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease
Published in Robert E. Becker, Ezio Giacobini, Alzheimer Disease, 2020
Alzheimer disease (AD) produces a profound alteration of the chemistry and structure of the central nervous system (CNS). These changes leave behind them distinct biochemical footprints. Each footprint offers the possibility of producing a diagnostic test, providing that a method of detection that is both specific and sensitive can be developed. The development of immunologic methods for biochemical detection, in the form of polyclonal antisera and monoclonal antibodies, has given scientists the ability to create such probes.
Arthroscopic revision of failed rotator cuff reconstruction
Published in Andreas B. Imhoff, Jonathan B. Ticker, Augustus D. Mazzocca, Andreas Voss, Atlas of Advanced Shoulder Arthroscopy, 2017
Tendon delamination of the infraspinatus is observed regularly and seems to be more frequent than previously thought. One group of authors has described new insights on footprint anatomy;28 others found that delamination could be present in more than 80% of cases.29 Watch out for anterior and lateral portals to discover the deep layer of the infraspinatus together with the superior capsule,29 which usually has excellent mobility. We always attempt to include it in the repair, with stitches from the posterior anchor of the medial row. One suggestion is to separately insert the deep and the superficial layer, thus making the repair more anatomic.30
The end of death
Published in Sidney Dekker, The End of Heaven, 2017
The hospital has sent its staff photographer. She has taken pictures of us and our first child, an insistence on their part I am eternally grateful for. A footprint is taken too. Some family has flown in from other countries, they’ve come and gone and looked at our child and cried.
Carbon footprint and associated costs of asthma exacerbation care among UK adults
Published in Journal of Medical Economics, 2022
Kalé Kponee-Shovein, Jessica Marvel, Ryotaro Ishikawa, Abhay Choubey, Harneet Kaur, Praveen Thokala, Khadidja Ngom, Iman Fakih, Todd Schatzki, James Signorovitch
Based on these components, the total estimated GHG emissions associated with an asthma exacerbation varied based on the exacerbation severity level as well as the type of SABA inhaler used to treat the exacerbation (Table 1). A mild exacerbation was associated with a range of 0.0 kg CO2e (when a DPI is used) to 0.8 kg CO2e (when a large-volume MDI is used). While these carbon footprint estimates were minimal in magnitude, large relative differences were found based on the type of SABA inhaler used. The total carbon footprint of a moderate exacerbation differed greatly depending on whether a physician’s office visit was required for treatment or not (Table 1). For moderate exacerbations that did not require medical services, the associated GHG emissions ranged from 0.0 kg CO2e (with DPI use) to 2.5 kg CO2e (with large-volume MDI use). On the other hand, moderate exacerbations requiring a physician’s office visit were associated with a carbon footprint ranging from 66.0 kg CO2e (with DPI use) to 68.5 kg CO2e (with large-volume MDI use). Severe or life-threatening exacerbations, which always required medical services for treatment, were associated with the greatest carbon footprint, ranging from 184.7 kg CO2e (with DPI use) emissions to 188.1 kg CO2e (with large-volume MDI use; Table 1).
Static posturographic balance in neurotologic patients may be associated with middle–high-frequency hearing levels during ageing process
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2022
Yukihide Maeda, Soshi Takao, Iku Abe-Fujisawa, Shin Kariya, Mizuo Ando
On the same day of audiometry in the clinic, static postural balance was quantitatively examined by posturography using a gravicorder (GS-7; Anima, Tokyo, Japan) comprising a force plate and operation board. Posturographic examination was performed in the corner of a quiet examination room in the otolaryngology clinic. Noise level in the examination room was 40–45 dB Sound Pressure Level by a sound level meter. Patients were requested to stand on the solid plate of the gravicorder on the floor with the feet close together without shoes. Patients were instructed to align their feet along the provided footprint outlines (right and left footprint shapes drawn on the force plate). Subjects stood upright while gazing at a target 2 m away, with arms to the sides. Centre-of-gravity sway of the body was measured for 1 min with eyes open, then for another 1 min with eyes closed. Areas of centre-of-gravity sway with eyes closed were used to quantitatively evaluate static postural balance as postural sway area (PSA). Immediately after the assessment by posturography, it was examined if the patients showed spontaneous nystagmus which suggests vestibular dysfunction using blindfolds by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera.
Peg-Enhanced Behavioral Recovery After Sciatic Nerve Transection and Either Suturing Or Sleeve Conduit Deployment in Rats
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2021
Xin Zhao, Bo Li, Xiangchen Guan, Guiyin Sun, Mingzhe Zhang, Weihua Zhang, Junfeng Xu, Xiaoping Ren
Behavioral assessment was performed by experienced testers blinded to treatment during the dark cycle (i.e., when rats were more active). Assessments employed the Sciatic Function Index (SFI) that includes both sensory feedback and motion control. The SFI is considered reliable from the third week onwards [13]. Before surgery, rats were trained to walk over a wooden board leading to a cage. The rats were familiarized with this process in preparation for obtaining footprint trajectories postoperatively. Footprints were collected at three time points: 1 week, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after the operation. The operated hind limbs were marked with red dye. White paper was fixed on the board, and rats were placed at the far end of the plank. Rats returned to the cage on a wooden board and six consecutive footprints were collected (three on each side), clearly marked on white paper. Footprints were collected for SFI calculation [14]. An SFI score of −100 or less indicates complete loss of sciatic nerve function, and scores of −10 or greater indicate normal sciatic nerve function [8].