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The Foot
Published in Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause, Musculoskeletal Anatomy, 2009
Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause
The third layer of muscles of the sole includes: the flexor hallucis brevis;the adductor hallucis;the flexor digiti minimi brevis.
Impact of combining medial capsule interposition with modified scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus
Published in Modern Rheumatology, 2020
Kosuke Ebina, Makoto Hirao, Hideki Tsuboi, Shoichi Kaneshiro, Masataka Nishikawa, Atsushi Goshima, Takaaki Noguchi, Hiroyuki Nakaya, Yuki Etani, Akira Miyama, Kenji Takami, Jun Hashimoto, Hideki Yoshikawa
Concerning interposition techniques, many previous reports demonstrated their efficacy in the treatment of hallux rigidus. Hamilton et al. demonstrated suturing the extensor hallucis brevis tendon to the flexor hallucis brevis tendon [16] and Aynardi et al. demonstrated good outcomes for the same procedure (patient-reported outcome was good or excellent in 89.5%, with mean follow-up of 62.2 months) [5]. Recently, Vulcano et al. also reported the good-long term outcomes (patient satisfaction of 92.9%, with a mean follow-up of 11.3 years) of this procedure [6], suggesting the long-term efficacy of capsular interposition. A previous report demonstrated that interpositioned-capsule remained as fibrocartilage tissue by biopsy examination [5], which may contribute to pain reduction and improvement of range of motion by preserving sliding surface of articular cartilage in this study.
Hallux sesamoid fractures in young athletes
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2019
Cynthia J. Stein, Dai Sugimoto, Nathalie R. Slick, Corey J. Lanois, Bridget W. Dahlberg, Rebecca L. Zwicker, Lyle J. Micheli
The hallux sesamoids are enclosed within the flexor hallucis brevis tendons on the plantar aspect of the foot. These tiny bones play several important roles in the function of the first metatarsophalangeal joint complex and may be subjected to forces several times greater than body weight, especially upon landing from jumps[1]. The sesamoids are vulnerable to acute and chronic injuries [2,3]. Sesamoid fractures, in particular, are considered high-risk injuries because of a variety of factors, including a precarious and variable blood supply and shearing forces across the bone, which may hinder or prevent healing [4] and increase the risk of delayed union, non-union, and injury reoccurrence[5].