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Bursitis
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
There are more than 150 small synovial fluid filled sacs (bursae) located near the joints where muscles and tendons slide across bone. Bursae help to reduce friction and allow the joints to move more freely. When one or more bursae are inflamed, it is known as bursitis.
Septic Bursitis
Published in Firza Alexander Gronthoud, Practical Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020
Bursitis is the term used to describe inflammation of a bursa. Bursae are fluid-filled sacs lined by synovial tissue and filled with synovial fluid, located at points of friction between bone and surrounding soft tissue. Their function is to cushion and decrease friction between these surfaces during movement to allow your joints to move with ease. There are over 150 such bursae in the body and they are located both superficially (in the subcutaneous tissue) and deep (below the fascia). Commonly affected superficial sites include the olecranon, prepatellar and infrapatellar bursae. Deep sites are less affected and include the iliopsoas, popliteal and subacromial as examples. When bursitis is present, the inflamed sac impairs movement and results in local pain, tenderness and swelling. Septic, or infectious, bursitis is less common than non-septic bursitis in causing this inflammation.
The Musculoskeletal System and Its Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
Inflammation of the bursa, or bursitis, results from infection or physical stress related to activity or injury. It occurs most frequently near the shoulder, knee, and elbow.
Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation of the Innate Immune Response to Gout
Published in Immunological Investigations, 2023
Jordana Dinorá de Lima, André Guilherme Portela de Paula, Bruna Sadae Yuasa, Caio Cesar de Souza Smanioto, Maria Clara da Cruz Silva, Priscila Ianzen dos Santos, Karin Braun Prado, Angelica Beate Winter Boldt, Tárcio Teodoro Braga
The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) established, in 2015, a guide on gout diagnosis and treatment. These criteria consider as essentially the manifestation of at least one episode of swelling, pain, or tenderness in a peripheral joint or bursa. In addition, other parameters are considered: which joint is involved, duration of episodes, serum urate levels, and imaging findings. Evidence of MSU crystals in a joint, bursa or tophus, made by aspirating synovial fluid or tophus already allows for a definitive diagnosis of gout. If, for some reason, that procedure would not be possible, the clinical diagnosis must be made and, as a last option, the investigation of MSU crystals by imaging must be carried out (Neogi et al. 2015).
Clinical and immunologic differences in cellulitis vs. pseudocellulitis
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2021
Michael Goldenberg, Henry Wang, Trent Walker, Benjamin H Kaffenberger
Bursitis is an inflammation of one or more bursae, fluid-filled synovial pouches that reduce friction between bones, tendons, and skin [107]. The most common cause is repeated microtrauma, but other etiologies include acute trauma or hemorrhage, septic bursitis, and inflammation from conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or gout. Bursitis can present with pain, erythema, decreased range of motion, and bursal enlargement, along with leukocytosis, fever, and warmth. Olecranon and prepatellar bursitis are the most common sites of repeated microtrauma bursitis, and they can become secondarily infected [107]. Bursal trauma increases local blood flow, allowing for migration of leukocytes and increasing synovial cell fluid production, thus establishing a proinflammatory environment [107a]. This environment can become colonized by bacteria via direct seeding, often associated with overlying soft tissue infections, and less commonly by hematogenous spread [107a]. Septic bursitis is most often caused by Staphylococcus aureus, responsible for up to 85% of cases [108a-112]. An ultrasound can differentiate bursitis from cellulitis, and bursal fluid aspirate analysis can distinguish septic bursitis from noninfectious causes, such as gout or pseudogout [108–111, 107a]. A microscopic exam of the bursal fluid is likely to show an inflammatory cocktail of interleukins, TNF-alpha, and cyclooxygenases [107a]. Treatment depends on the type of bursitis, with compression, analgesics, and ice being used for noninflammatory causes, antibiotics used for septic bursitis, and management of the underlying condition for inflammatory causes of bursitis [107].
Work-related discomfort among floor-sitting sedge weavers: a cross-sectional survey
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2021
Wanpen Thongsuk, Alan F. Geater
Buttock discomfort was itself more commonly reported by weavers who were obese (BMI ≥ 25). This might be related to their greater body weight. The condition of buttock pain among weavers who work in a sitting position for extended periods on a hard surface has been known for a long time, and has been given the colloquial term ‘weaver’s bottom’. It is believed to develop from pressure on the bursa that lies between the ischial tuberosity and the gluteus maximus muscle causing inflammation – ischiogluteal bursitis [27]. Taking regular short breaks during the day’s weaving to relieve the pressure on the gluteal muscles might be a way to reduce buttock pain [17].