China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Placenta, Umbilical Cord, and Amniotic Membranes
Published in Asim Kurjak, CRC Handbook of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2019
Koslowski et al.37 produced a placental score with a four-point scale: Basal plate: Visible but interruptedSolid and thinSolid and thick for up to 50% of its lengthSolid and thick for 50 to 100% of its length, with a formation of arcade-like structures toward the fetal sidePeripheral zones: Poorly definedThin and solidThickened on one side, echogenicThick and solid on both sidesPlacental substance: Finely homogeneousScattered streak-like echogenic areas up to 5 mm in lengthInhomogeneous with echogenic areas up to 1 cm in lengthScattered plate-like echogenic densities over 1 cm in diameter
Phenotypic Switch of Endovascular Trophoblasts in Decidual Vasculopathy with Implication for Preeclampsia and Other Pregnancy Complications
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2021
In light of immunostaining results and knowledge of CD56 expression in decidual vasculopathy, there are still 34.8% preeclamptic placentas without identifiable decidual vasculopathy in the current study. These preeclamptic placentas contain significant pathologic lesions such as infarcts, intervillous thrombosis and other findings similar to those identified in placentas with decidual vasculopathy. One of the possibilities may be related to the placental sampling, since the routine placental examination requires three sections of placental tissue including maternal and fetal surfaces plus one membrane roll containing the decidua capsularis, as recommended by international guidelines [22]. Sectioning of the decidua basalis/interface using Khong’s method (horizontal decidual section) shows better visualization of decidual vessels [30, 31]. Decidual vascular changes and classic vasculopathy are best appreciated on the decidua basalis (basal plate), and additional sampling in the basal plate may increase the yield of decidual vasculopathy.
Using encrusting bryozoan adhesion to evaluate the efficacy of fouling-release marine coatings
Published in Biofouling, 2020
G. T. Waltz, K. Z. Hunsucker, G. Swain, D. E. Wendt
Barnacles are crustaceans with a sessile, filter feeding adult stage. Barnacles from the suborder Balanomorpha have a hard calcareous exterior shell system made of plates and a hard calcium carbonate basal plate (Carlton 2007). The basal plate adhesive is proteinaceous. The basal plate is calcified in all species within Balanomorpha (Carlton 2007). Planktonic larval barnacles undergo six molts and then metamorphose to the terminal stage, the cypris larva. The cyprid is non-feeding and undergoes settlement, attachment to a suitable substratum, and then metamorphosis to a sessile juvenile barnacle. There have been extensive studies into the mechanism of the adult adhesive process as well as the physical composition of the adult barnacle adhesive (e.g. Burden et al. 2012; Kamino 2013; Daugherty 2016). In general, liquid proteinaceous adhesives are secreted, most likely in more than one step, by the barnacle which then solidifies onto the substratum (Burden et al. 2012). Three species of barnacles were tested during this study. At Cal Poly Balanus crenatus were assessed and at FIT Amphibalanus amphitrite and A. eberneus were assessed.
Differential Expression of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in Different Regions of Normal and Preeclampsia Placentae
Published in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 2020
Akriti S. Sahay, Anjali T. Jadhav, Deepali P. Sundrani, Girija N. Wagh, Sadhana R. Joshi
Fresh placenta was obtained from all normal and PE pregnancies immediately after delivery. The placenta was rinsed with 1X phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) to remove maternal and fetal blood contamination. Fetal membranes were removed and umbilical cord was cut. Trimmed placental weight was taken on an electronic balance. Placental tissue samples were taken from four different standardized locations (regions) in the placenta as described by us earlier (15). Briefly, they were defined as: i. Central maternal or basal (CM) region defined as small tissue pieces (~ 1 cm2) cut from the basal plate villous tissue around the cord insertion, ii. Central fetal (CF) region as tissue pieces from the chorionic plate around the cord insertion, iii. Peripheral maternal or basal (PM) region as samples from the basal villous tissue farthest from the cord insertion and 1 cm away from the lateral edge of the placental disk and iv. Peripheral fetal (PF) region as samples from the chorionic plate farthest from the cord insertion. The tissue pieces were collected in vials and were snap frozen in liquid nitrogen. The tissues were then stored at −80ºC until analyzed.