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Endovascular versus Open Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in 15-Years’ Follow-Up of the UK Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Trial 1 (EVAR Trial 1): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Published in Juan Carlos Jimenez, Samuel Eric Wilson, 50 Landmark Papers Every Vascular and Endovascular Surgeon Should Know, 2020
Juan Carlos Jimenez, Samuel Eric Wilson
Also at this stage, it was noticed that there were no ruptures from open repair and a low rate of rupture following EVAR but mortality after secondary rupture was high though very few seemed to be spontaneous.4 Secondary aortic sac rupture was seen mainly in a “cluster” of patients associated almost always with annual sac growth with underlying type I, III, II with sac growth, kinking, and graft migration with a 67% mortality. All of the EVAR trial centers were warned to look out for this “cluster” which seemed to predict the increased risk of secondary sac rupture and death.
Endocrine Glands
Published in Pritam S. Sahota, James A. Popp, Jerry F. Hardisty, Chirukandath Gopinath, Page R. Bouchard, Toxicologic Pathology, 2018
Richard A. Peterson, Sundeep Chandra, Mark J. Hoenerhoff
Because of its close proximity to the aortic sac during development, accessory thyroid tissue may be observed within the ventral neck along the midline or in the mediastinum (Capen and Martin 1989b). These embryonic rests are composed of normal-appearing follicles that retain hormonal function but are devoid of C-cells. In dogs, presence of this accessory tissue is quite common, and up to 50% of dogs have ectopic thyroid remnants, which have been associated with neoplastic transformation in this species. Ectopic thymus, composed of clusters of normal lymphoid tissue with typical cortical and medullary regions, may also be observed within or in close proximity to the thyroid gland (Hardisty and Boorman 1990). Thyroid cysts may occur in all species, most commonly in rats and dogs, and may be lined by either keratinizing or nonkeratinizing squamous epithelium (ultimobranchial) or cuboidal to columnar and occasionally ciliated epithelial cells (thyroglossal duct) (Capen et al. 2002). Cysts arising from the ultimobranchial bodies (ultimobranchial cysts) are located centrally within the thyroid, are lined by attenuated squamous epithelium, and contain cellular debris. The less common thyroglossal duct cyst occurs in the cranioventral neck along the ventral midline, as a result of persistence of a segment of the thyroglossal duct that is retained during development. Thyroglossal duct cysts may give rise to papillary carcinomas in dogs (Capen and Martin 1989a).
Vascular rings
Published in Prem Puri, Newborn Surgery, 2017
Benjamin O. Bierbach, John Mark Redmond, Christopher Hart
The paired right and left dorsal aortae, one of which will eventually become the descending thoracic aorta, are present in the embryo by approximately the 21st day of intrauterine life. Subsequently, the first to sixth branchial arteries form bilaterally, each with its own aortic arch communicating from the aortic sac to the dorsal aortas.
Unexpected finding of thyroid hemiagenesis in a patient presenting with a right thyroid nodule and a history of Poland syndrome
Published in Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa, 2023
Cheikh Ahmedou Lame, Birame Loum, Peter Mazzaglia, Cheikhna Ndiaye, Thierno Boubacar Diallo, Abibou Ndiaye, Agnes Diouf, Aly Toure
Frequently associated findings include ipsilateral mammary agenesis and syndactyly,2 as in our patient. Thyroid hemiagenesis is an often asymptomatic congenital malformation, in which one thyroid lobe fails to form.8 Most patients are euthyroid.9 The first description was in 1895 by Marshall.3 The pathogenesis of thyroid hemiagenesis remains obscure, most theories suggesting a genetic link, based on familial clusters.10,11 The descent of the thyroid primordium from the primitive pharynx to its eventual location is closely associated with migration of the aortic sac and its branches. Therefore, many theorise that abnormal vascular development is the cause of thyroid hemiagenesis.12,13 Agenesis of the left lobe is most frequent, occurring 68–80% of the time,8 as in our patient.
[18F] FDG PET/CT can improve the diagnostic accuracy for aortic endograft infection
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2022
Samuel Bruls, Imane El Hassani, Rebecka Hultgren, Roland Hustinx, Audrey Courtois, Amanda Dumortier, Jean-Olivier Defraigne, Natzi Sakalihasan
PET/CT data were acquired using a Gemini BB (16-slice CT, Philips) according to our usual protocol (i.e. 60 min after injection of [18F] FDG in patients who fasted for 6 h). The detailed protocol is described in the supplemental data. Fused CT and PET images were analysed visually and classified as positive when focal or segmental [18F] FDG uptake was observed at the endograft level and aneurysmal aortic sac. Regions of interest were then placed over the abnormal focus or the normal aortic wall, depending on the case and on the normal liver, to measure the maximum pixel value standardised uptake values (SUVmax) that quantified the FDG uptake in the tissues.