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Nose
Published in Ali Pirayesh, Dario Bertossi, Izolda Heydenrych, Aesthetic Facial Anatomy Essentials for Injections, 2020
Dario Bertossi, Fazıl Apaydın, Paul van der Eerden, Enrico Robotti, Riccardo Nocini, Paul S. Nassif
The nasal septum is situated on the central part of the nose and its connected with its inferior surface with the upper maxillary crest, the posterior and the anterior nasal spine, and is connected to the nasal bones in the key area where the two upper lateral cartilages are also connected to it, forming the internal nasal valve.
Race and the Role of Sociocultural Context in Forensic Anthropological Ancestry Assessment
Published in Heather M. Garvin, Natalie R. Langley, Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2019
Michala K. Stock, Katie M. Rubin
Ancestry was assessed using both metric and non-metric methods. The computer program Fordisc 3.1 (Jantz & Ousley, 2005) uses discriminant function analysis of cranial measurements to classify an individual into one of the reference populations in the Forensic Data Bank (FDB). During case analysis, this individual’s cranial measurements were run against cranial measurements from all male groups in the FDB using no transformations; Fordisc indicated this individual was atypical of all groups other than “Black males” and “Hispanic males” (see Table 5.1; Runs 1 and 2). Non-metric traits were also described (i.e., Gill, 1998) and scored (i.e., Hefner, 2009) for the craniofacial skeleton of this individual. The mid-facial skeleton of this individual displayed a medium interorbital breadth, an inverted V-shaped nasal bone contour, a moderate sill on the inferior nasal aperture, a pronounced, markedly projecting anterior nasal spine, and an “M-shaped” transverse palatine suture (see Figure 5.2).
Grafts and Local Flaps in Head and Neck Cancer
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
An L-strut consists of a longitudinal piece of bone or cartilage that is secured on the nasal radix and extends along the dorsum of the nose to the tip where it is bent sharply to rest on the anterior nasal spine.46 The hinged septal flap is an L-shaped flap carved from the patient’s remaining septum and hinged superiorly on the caudal end of the nasal bones.47 The septal pivot flap is similar to the hinged septal flap except that the septum in this case brings with it simultaneous mucosa that can be used as lining. If there is insufficient local tissue, then a cantilever graft can be used which consists of a strong, longitudinal bone graft harvested from the calvarium or rib and secured to the radix with miniscrew fixation or wires.48 The flexible lateral walls of the nose require more pliable cartilage grafts to be used.
Sublabial Approach to Tip Rhinoplasty: A Cadaver Model
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2022
Jason E. Cohn, Tyler Pion, Sammy Othman, Timothy M. Greco
Several rhinoplasty maneuvers were attempted on cadavers and were successful to varying degrees (Table 1). Grafts were harvested and designed from septal (80%), auricular (50%) and rib cartilage (40%). Access and exposure to the septum, medial crura, and anterior nasal spine was accomplished in all dissections. The division of depressor septi muscle was accomplished in all ten (100%) cadavers to address tip ptosis. Placement of the columellar strut and shield grafts resulted primarily in the improvement of nasal projection as well as rotation in all (100%) cadavers. Premaxillary augmentation was not always indicated but helped to improve an acute, retrodisplaced nasolabial angle in three (30%) cadavers. Lateral osteotomies via this approach addressed the nasal bony pyramid in all ten (100%) cadavers. The swinging door technique enabled correction of the caudal septum in six (60%) cadavers.
Leprosy in skulls from the Paris Catacombs
Published in Annals of Human Biology, 2020
Patrícia D. Deps, Simon M. Collin, Sylvie Robin, Philippe Charlier
The Paris Catacombs, formerly limestone quarries, contain the remains of approximately six million people dating back to the 15th century, re-interred from central Parisian cemeteries during the late 18th century, up until 1860 (Figure 1). Leprosy existed in France since at least the Gallo-Roman era and was endemic until the 15th century (Rakoto-Ratsimamanga et al. 1970), and there is evidence that skeletons from at least two leprosaria were re-interred in the Catacombs: from the Saint-Lazare leprosarium that accommodated people affected by leprosy from the 9th to the 15th century (Pottet 1912), and a leprosarium probably attached to the convent at Rue de la Douai (Moller-Christensen and Jopling 1964). In 1964, Möller-Christensen and Jopling reported finding “no evidence” of facies leprosa in skulls from the Catacombs based on pathognomonic criteria comprising (a) atrophy of the anterior nasal spine either alone or combined with central atrophy of the maxillary alveolar process and (b) inflammatory changes in the superior surface of the hard palate (Moller-Christensen and Jopling 1964). To our knowledge, there has been no subsequent palaeopathological study of leprosy in human remains from the Catacombs. The aim of this study was to examine a sample of skulls from the Paris Catacombs for signs of leprosy based on a pragmatic combination of Moller-Christensen (1961) and Andersen and Manchester (1992) pathognomonic criteria.
Spatial and temporal changes of midface in Apert’s syndrome
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2019
Xiaona Lu, Antonio Jorge Forte, Rajendra Sawh-Martinez, Robin Wu, Raysa Cabrejo, Alexander Wilson, Derek M. Steinbacher, Michael Alperovich, Nivaldo Alonso, John A. Persing
Additionally, as the base of zygoma, and the maxilla contribute to remarkably shorten the anteroposterior maxillary length. We confirmed in this study, this by measuring a decreased distance between anterior nasal spine and medial pterygoid plate (ANS-PP). The normal angle defined by nasion, sella, and pterygoid plates indicates the pterygoid plates are not involved in the posterior and superior rotation of the sphenoid, or the descent of the posterior part of maxilla offset this effect [21]. The anteroposterior length of sphenoid is reduced, which results in the positional retrusion of maxilla. Therefore, the retrusion of maxilla is likely caused by both the anteroposteriorly shortened maxillary length and positional retrusion.