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Alcohol and health
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Alcohol-related crime takes many forms, including driving after consuming more than the legal limit of alcohol, assault, robbery and homicide (Table 10.4). Data are likely to under-represent the true scale of crimes, as only the ones reported to the police are recorded. In Scotland, in 2017/2018, 39% of prisoners reported being under the influence of alcohol when they were arrested (Giles and Robinson, 2019).
Issues of Law and Custom
Published in Frank Lynn Iber, Alcohol and Drug Abuse as Encountered in Office Practice, 2020
In the decade prior to and in the period of recovery and prosperity following World War I, a trend toward urbanization and industrialization from a farm-based population, and mobilization and then release of many people as part of the war effort, started new social trends including alcohol use in many. Use of beer and distilled liquors spread rapidly in the urban areas. Drunkenness, family disruption, alcohol-related crime, motor accidents, and impairment of work increased. Temperance movements that had been present in America before the turn of the century grew, and more and more citizens accepted the simplistic view that the availability of alcohol was the cause of many twentieth-century urban-associated social problems. The Volstead Act (the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution) prohibiting the manufacture, importation, or distribution of fermented or distilled beverages with an alcohol content greater than 3% (all beers and wines have more alcohol than this), was approved in 1919 and phased into effect in the next few years. It was not repealed until 1933. This period of prohibition was a failure. Somewhat analogous to our current epidemic use of cocaine, the laws did not adequately reflect public practice and custom. There was not widespread support for prohibition among the populace. The substantial profits made in the illicit supply of distilled alcohol beverages encouraged organized crime to meet the demand. Bribery, corruption of police, judges, and others in the public trust, and flaunting of the laws were common during this period.
Primary Care Nursing and Alcohol: A New Way Forward?
Published in Rosie Winyard, Andrew McBride, Substance Misuse in Primary Care, 2018
In order to tackle these areas of alcohol related harm, the Government highlights the following four key aims.1 (p. 22–3) To improve the information available to individuals and to start the process of change in the culture of drinking to get drunk.To better identify and treat alcohol misuse.To prevent and tackle alcohol related crime and disorder and deliver improved services to victims and witnesses.To work with the industry in tackling the harms caused by alcohol.
Alcohol identification and brief advice in England’s criminal justice system: a review of the evidence
Published in Journal of Substance Use, 2020
David Gamblin, Clive Tobutt, Robert Patton
Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD) have a prevalence rate of about 27% (n = 148/551) from a household survey in the English general population (McManus et al., 2016) with higher rates found in Criminal Justice Settings (Barton, 2011; McManus et al., 2016). Underage hazardous drinking amongst girls between the ages 15–16 years are more than boys (Healey et al., 2014) and Kelly et al. (2016) from the UK Millennium cohort study indicated that boys were more likely to have been drunk more than girls. The Crime Survey (Office National Statistics, 2018) estimates that up to half of all violent crime is related to excessive consumption, and research suggests that there is a complex relationship between alcohol use and offending behaviors (Boden et al., 2013; Graham et al., 2012). Alcohol-related crime is estimated to cost £11 Billion in the UK (Home Office, 2013). Interventions to reduce consumption and harm are effective and cost effective and are not limited to health-care settings (Patton, 2014). Criminal Justice Settings offer opportunities for the identification of AUDs and afford a “teachable moment” [where a link is made between alcohol use and consequence at which to deliver appropriate interventions] (Graham et al., 2012: Williams et al., 2005). Recent statistics (Office National Statistics, 2018) also indicate that over half of all victims of violent crime had been intoxicated when the incident occurred, therefore this group may also benefit from help or advice to reduce their drinking.
(Unintended) Consequences of initiating an alcohol sales policy at college football stadiums: A case study
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2019
Adam E. Barry, Alex Russell, Steve Howell, Pauline Phan, Dominik Reyes, Trevor Bopp
While universities officials and entities contemplate introducing stadium alcohol sales at college football games to increase profits, the associated public health risks should not be overlooked or minimized. Further research is needed to inform this evolving discussion. College administrators, health officials, athletic departments, and local law enforcement must work together to weigh the potential benefit of enhanced financial profit against the risk of increased alcohol-related crime.