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Automation in healthcare
Published in Eduard Fosch-Villaronga, Robots, Healthcare, and the Law, 2019
Service robots perform useful tasks for humans. Oxford English Dictionary (2019a) defines service as the action of helping or doing work for someone. A task is a piece of work to be done or undertaken (Oxford English Dictionary, 2019b). These definitions are significant because the word task does not appear in the general description of personal care robots. Contrary to person carriers or physical assistants that help the user to perform a task, mobile servant robots perform a task for, and usually on behalf of, the user. These robots can travel in domestic environments or public buildings, while avoiding collisions with stationary and moving objects. From the definition, it appears that the capability of traveling could exclude those helpers and companion robots that do not perform tasks for the users while traveling. I think, however, that there are other service robots, that perform useful tasks for humans, in interaction with them, that do not travel; they would fall into this category nonetheless, e.g., JIBO.4
Robot-robot interaction, groups and swarms
Published in Arkapravo Bhaumik, From AI to Robotics, 2018
The RoboEarth Project: The project [341] was developed by researchers across various universities in Europe and is aimed at making a very large system for sharing knowledge between robots, a World Wide Web for robots. As of now, the service robot industry is limited to specialised robots, viz., vacuum cleaning robot, trash collecting robot, delivery robots etc. which are preprogrammed to specific tasks. This not only reduces the opportunity for the robot but also adds to cost and redundancy. In the near future, robots will often need to perform tasks which are not programmed into them, and also adapt to newer environments and adapt to a variety of tasks. RoboEarth attempts to solve this problem by large scale sharing of data of specific robots and is similar to an Internet of Things (IoT) approach. With interlinked robots over a world wide web of robots, it is believed that it would speed up learning and adaptation and that robots will be able to undertake and
Present State and Future Trends in Mechanical Systems Design for Robot Application
Published in Osita D. I. Nwokah, Yildirim Hurmuzlu, The Mechanical Systems Design Handbook, 2017
Martin Hägele, Rolf Dieter Schraft
A definition recently suggested by IFR (the International Federation of Robotics) offers a description of the main characteristics of service robots, their exposure to public, and task execution in unstructured environments.15 Service robots are considered extensions of industrial robots.19Service robots are robots which operate semi or fully autonomously to perform services useful to the well being (hence, non-manufacturing) of humans and equipment. They are mobile or manipulative or combinations of both.
Friend or a Foe: Understanding Generation Z Employees' Intentions to Work with Service Robots in the Hotel Industry
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2023
Faizan Ali, Seden Dogan, Xianglan Chen, Cihan Cobanoglu, Moez Limayem
Service robots are defined as "system-based autonomous and adaptable interfaces that interact, communicate, and deliver service to an organization's customer" (Wirtz et al., 2018, p. 909). Service robots with AI can interact, communicate, and participate in a given activity by allowing them to make autonomous decisions (Lu et al., 2019). Becoming popular in the hotel industry to help with guest services, Henn-na Hotel in Nagasaki holds a Guinness record because the hotel's all employees were robots (Jarvis, 2016). However, approximately 50% of the robots were no longer utilized (Hertzfeld, 2019). Interestingly many major hotel brands use service robots to offer different guest services. For instance, Aloft Hotels use Botlr as a robot butler. Mario and Connie are used as robot concierges at Marriott Hotels and Hilton McLean Hotels. Moreover, Cleo and Leo are robot order takers that bring food or towels to the guest rooms at EMC2 Chicago Hotel (Chestler, 2020; Social Tables, 2020). Dash is a robot that delivers items to guest rooms at Crowne Plaza San Jose-Silicon Valley Hotel. (Hornyak, 2020). In summary, service robots are employed to perform various tasks in different departments at hospitality and tourism establishments to offer a variety of guest services, that according to Ivanov and Webster (2019a), can be dirty, dull, and dangerous tasks for human employees.
A method for service robot development based on a design structure matrix
Published in Advanced Robotics, 2022
Naho Saito, Kazuyoshi Wada, Tomohiro Kariya, Noriaki Ando, Koji Kimita
Service robots are robots that provide services while coexisting with humans. Therefore, the development of service robots requires a different approach than that of industrial robots. However, a design methodology specifically for service robots has not yet been established. This is one of the critical issues in promoting the social implementation of service robots. In this situation, to promote the social implementation of the service robots, the SRDM was developed as a tool that enables continuous design while considering the entire service system. This tool supports the following two points: Organize the elements that make up service robots and service systems, and comprehensively represent the relationships among them with the SR design model.Modularize design elements using the DSM clustering method to enable continuous improvement of the service robot.
The “humane in the loop”: Inclusive research design and policy approaches to foster capacity building assistive technologies in the COVID-19 era
Published in Assistive Technology, 2022
John Bricout, Julienne Greer, Noelle Fields, Ling Xu, Priscila Tamplain, Kris Doelling, Bonita Sharma
Robots that respond to, and interact with the environment in a non-repetitive manner are said to be either semi-autonomous or autonomous, and exercise some degree of agency in action and decision-making. Robots that provide some measure of aid to and interaction with people meet the criteria for being artificially intelligence (AI)-driven: they receive, process, and stream information to plan and complete tasks (Shyr et al., 2018). Service robots and other robots functioning as AI, in contrast to robots that perform repetitive tasks in industrial settings, generally learn to use a scripted approach, machine learning approaches, or automated planning techniques. The machine learning approach constitutes a “black box” regarding the algorithms antecedent to action, although some measure of transparency is possible insofar as properties of the training data set and the role of human facilitators or oversight may be known (Magrani 2017; Sunderhauf et al., 2018). The third approach, automated planning techniques, relies on partially or completely ordered action sequences that alter the observed environment to obtain a sought after goal state to inform high-level action (Capitanelli et al., 2017; Foster et al., 2020).