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Hybrid Energy Systems for Vehicle Industry
Published in Yatish T. Shah, Hybrid Energy Systems, 2021
There are currently two main types of hybrid systems. First, a serial hybrid where the engine in the system only powers a generator and is not mechanically connected to the propeller shaft. Second, a parallel hybrid, where the engine is mechanically connected along with an electric machine that can operate as both a propulsion motor and a generator. The reduced electric propulsion generator and battery demands of a parallel system substantially reduce the cost compared to a serial system. Parallel systems are more likely to get initial market acceptance because of perceived greater reliability, as the trusted diesel engine is still connected to the propeller shaft with the electric propulsion adding a redundant system. The parallel hybrid system has been successfully implemented in small- and medium-sized marine vessels, such as survey vessels, petrol vessels, superyacht tenders, unmanned craft and Tugboats, workboats, and OSV (Diving Support Vessel). The addition of energy storage in these vessels will make them truly hybrid. The next generation of cells and batteries (like lithium-ion) is making marine hybrid systems very viable.
Off-grid Hybrid Energy Systems
Published in Yatish T. Shah, Hybrid Power, 2021
Hybrid mini-grid systems are a popular option to ensure mini-grid reliability, especially when considering renewable energy sources. A hybrid mini-grid is identified by diversified distributed energy resources (DERs), where the energy generation comes from a variety of sources such as solar PV, microhydro power plants, wind turbines, biomass, and small conventional generators. Series hybrid systems have both a renewable energy source and a diesel generator which are used in conjunction to maintain the charge of a battery bank, which is then converted to AC and fed to the load. This system allows for simple implementation, but has low efficiency and requires large battery capacity. In contrast, switched hybrid systems enable renewable energy plus storage to supply the base-load power supply while the diesel generator helps meet peak energy demand [4].
System design
Published in Sven Ruin, Göran Sidén, Small-Scale Renewable Energy Systems, 2019
Especially when designing the energy supply for an off-grid or isolated grid application, it is important to consider using a hybrid system, which is a combination of two or more generating technologies (of which at least one is usually renewable). When made properly, this combination can often overcome the limitations associated with systems using only one generating technology. Under many conditions, in particular on remote locations far from the main power grid where a diesel power system is the conventional generating technology, hybrids can provide the lowest cost of energy. An example of a hybrid system is to combine a wind turbine and a diesel genset to form a wind-diesel system.
Exergoeconomic and environmental performance assessment of the solar-assisted thermal power plant
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2023
Sunil Baloda, Manoj Kumar Soni, Naveen Sharma
This research aims to examine how solar energy can be integrated into a 330-MW solar-assisted power generation system. As part of this study, we compared three possible integration options, i.e. (i) high-pressure FWH No.1 is replaced by the solar field, (ii) high-pressure FWH No. 2 is replaced by the solar field and (iii) both high-pressure FWHs are substituted by the solar field, for improving the performance of coal-fired power plants by integrating solar energy into conventional ones. As a consequence, the performance and techno-economic feasibility of the hybrid system can be improved and pollutant emissions will be reduced as well. Furthermore, the results of economic and environmental performance comparison per MW solar thermal power for considered three options are presented. Additionally, the cost of saved fuel for implementing the proposed technology along with land requirements is explored. A comparison of LCoE for conventional standalone solar thermal power plants and the proposed case is also provided. The finding of the proposed thermodynamic model is validated with pertinent literature. The performance and technical feasibility of the hybrid SAPG system are assessed for both fuel-saving and power-boosting modes.
Multi-criteria PSO-based optimal design of grid-connected hybrid renewable energy systems
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2020
Fariborz Mansouri Kouhestani, James Byrne, Daniel Johnson, Locke Spencer, Bryson Brown, Paul Hazendonk, Jeremy Scott
Renewable energy generation from wind and solar sources depends on weather conditions, which have significant variations. Renewable energy sources are considered to be unreliable and often unavailable. They also require relatively high capital investments. Integrating different renewable power sources can help to alleviate their individual unreliability (Nafeh 2011; Rout and Sahu 2018). Hybrid systems provide a practical path to achieving a balance among costs, emissions, and load availability. Precise planning of HRES components is essential in attaining the most cost-effective hybrid system with the most reliable energy output (Bhandari et al. 2015; Wang and Singh 2008). Connecting HRESs to the grid can also mitigate the unpredictable nature of electricity production from renewable resources (Khare, Nema, and Baredar 2016).
A review of artificial intelligence-based optimization techniques for the sizing of integrated renewable energy systems in smart cities
Published in Environmental Technology Reviews, 2020
Amarsingh B. Kanase-Patil, Avinash P. Kaldate, Shashikant D. Lokhande, Hitesh Panchal, M. Suresh, V. Priya
As shown in Figure 2, IRES storage of charge is possible after convergence into DC voltage form. DC–DC and AC–DC converters are playing a vital role in PV and Wind system [35]. The storage system has been used in [36] such as pumped hydro storage, compressed energy storage, super magnetic energy storage (SMES), flywheel energy storage and lead–acid battery storage. As per the study SMES manages to store the surplus amount of electricity in the highest capacity among all other technologies [37]. The design of an IRES for Smart City is based on distinct requirements such as location stand-alone or grid-tied DC or AC load etc. According to an integration scheme in a stand-alone system switched hybrid systems, series hybrid system and parallel hybrid system are the predominant types of hybrid systems. The series hybrid system is centralized AC-bus and centralized DC-bus. All the loads, energy sources and storage devices are cohered to a DC-bus through appropriate electronic devices by using centralized DC-bus. AC sources and loads are directly connected to AC-bus by using the parallel hybrid system, amid DC sources and loads are connected to DC-bus. The drawback of stand-alone energy systems utilizing renewable energy is that the supply of renewable energy sources on a regular basis and certain seasonal variations result in difficulties in the management of load-based production capacity [38].