China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Introduction to Electric Motors
Published in Wei Tong, Mechanical Design and Manufacturing of Electric Motors, 2022
Moreover, under vacuum conditions, motor components are subjected to increased outgassing, causing the emitted material to deposit on the surrounding component surfaces. Therefore, it is important to use low outgassing motor materials and lubricants in vacuum. The low outgassing metal materials include stainless steel, aluminum alloys, and oxygen-free copper. Several specially developed vacuum greases with low outgassing properties are the common choice for vacuum systems.
Overview of the Product Life Cycle
Published in Jon M. Quigley, Kim L. Robertson, Configuration Management, 2019
Jon M. Quigley, Kim L. Robertson
Outgassing is a concern for any electronic equipment intended for use in high-vacuum environments. It refers to the release of gas trapped within a solid, such as a high-frequency circuit-board material. The effects of outgassing can impact a wide range of application areas in electronics, from satellites and space-based equipment to medical systems and equipment. In space-based equipment, released gas can condense on such materials as camera lenses and detectors, rendering them inoperative. Hospitals and medical facilities must eliminate materials that can suffer outgassing to maintain a sterile environment.29
Opto-Mechanical Characteristics of Materials
Published in Paul Yoder, Daniel Vukobratovich, Opto-Mechanical Systems Design, 2017
Adhesives generally contain ingredients that are not chemically integrated into the molecular structure and that may be volatile. Surfaces exposed to vacuum and elevated temperature may release these substances in a process called outgassing, degassing, or smoking. The volatized material may condense as contaminating films on nearby cooler surfaces. Especially vulnerable are spaceborne optical surfaces, solar cells, thermal control surfaces, and electrical contacts. Some manufacturers’ data sheets give the percentage of mass loss at elevated temperature or in vacuum as an indication of the suitability of their products for space applications.
Development of a detection system for gas-phase aromatics and other molecules ionizable by soft X-rays demonstrated using methyl salicylate
Published in Aerosol Science and Technology, 2023
Dong-Bin Kwak, Seong Chan Kim, George W. Mulholland, Miles C. Owen, Changhyuk Kim, Handol Lee, David Y.H Pui
It is worthwhile to mention that the whole system should be kept to be clean without any contamination sources or chemicals, e.g., super glue or cutting oil, that could cause outgassing. To prevent possible contamination of the system, we periodically cleaned the system in an oven at 150 °C over 72 h. In addition, Kim, Sul, and Pui (2016b) reported that the soft X-ray assisted detection method also can detect some alcohols and aromatic components. However, it should be noted that it has not been reported whether other interferants like terpenes or many other unsaturated molecules can be detected by the soft X-ray assisted detection method. Here, the authors would like to mention that the results might be affected by the presence of interferant gases, resulting in providing false-positive readings. However, this detection method based on gas-to-particle conversion and aerosol instruments has been developed recently, and the strong advantage of the semi-real-time measurement is shown in this study. The developed detection method for the quantitative analysis can be combined with advanced analytical techniques for chemical compositions, e.g., Scanning/Transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/TEM-EDX). In a preliminary experiment that was carried out immediately after a few days of fabricating the soft X-ray chamber, we found that lots of nanoparticles were generated when the soft x-ray was turned on even though no MeS was added and only clean air was introduced. This was probably because the cutting oil that was used when fabricating the chamber remained in the chamber.
Effective degassing of HIP canisters through the use of residual gas analysis
Published in Powder Metallurgy, 2021
Alasdair Morrison, Mark Taylor, Niall Burtt, Charley Carpenter
Figure 1 shows an overview of the system to allow residual gas analysis of P-HIP canisters during degassing. The system consists of a fully automated evacuation system with controllable set points and operating behaviour designed to react to the degassing behaviour of a canister. The majority of evacuation is completed by a high-throughput vacuum system that allows the reduction of the canister pressure to the order of 10−4 mbar. The vacuum measured in the accessible, powder-free, sections of the vacuum system is likely to be lower than that in the canister, so further driving force for outgassing is provided by high vacuum turbomolecular pumping to allow the maintenance of a vacuum exceeding 10−6 mbar. In order for the residual gas analysis system to operate directly, high vacuum is required, however, in-line measurement may be performed for heavily outgassing materials where the turbomolecular pump cannot be operated directly in the evacuation line. The outgassing behaviour is recorded through the measurement of vacuum pressure, temperatures and residual gas partial pressures.