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Control Systems
Published in Keith L. Richards, Design Engineer's Sourcebook, 2017
In a typical domestic hot water storage tank, the water may be heated using an electric heating element connected to a power supply that is operated through a simple switch. When the switch is closed, the electrical current is applied to the heating element and the water is then heated. In this instance, the operation of the switch is the input action and the resultant water temperature is the output action.
Enhanced EnHub: dynamic simulation of housing stock energy systems
Published in Journal of Building Performance Simulation, 2020
Gustavo Sousa, Darren Robinson
Module G: energy system is mainly composed of three processes: loop, components, and scale and assignment. Here, a number of key parameters, such as heating system code, dwelling type, and dwelling size, are passed to the module. The heating system code is used as an index in the tuple of configurations, where each instance of Table 1 is represented. A loop process is employed because some heating configurations share a common structure, but are differentiated by their type and number of heaters and emitters, assigned later via the components. By way of example, the common configuration of centrally heated with gas6 is illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. Hot-water is warmed in a sealed cylinder (boiler), and is then circulated to and through radiators and a hot water storage tank, from which hot water is supplied to taps and returned to the boiler for re-circulation.
Thermodynamic analysis and experimental investigation of the heat pump photovoltaic/thermal integrated system
Published in Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 2021
In the experiment carried out on December 17, 2019, cold water produced by the heat pump was used only to draw heat from PV/T collectors. While some of the hot water produced by the heat pump is used to heat the indoor environment, some portion of it is stored in the hot water storage tank for use. Figure 9 shows the hourly change of thermal energy obtained from PV/T collectors. In the analyses made, the lowest and highest total thermal energy obtained from PV/T collectors is found to be 0.62 kWh between 10:00 and 11:00, and 1.13 kWh between 13:00 and 14:00, respectively.