China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Functionalized Covalent Organic Frameworks for Improved Energy Applications
Published in Tuan Anh Nguyen, Ram K. Gupta, Covalent Organic Frameworks, 2023
Yong Li, Weiran Zheng, Lawrence Yoon Suk Lee
Energy storage is an important technique to store extra electricity for use on demand. The large surface area, high porosity, and high electrons mobility of COFs make them a promising material class for the applications of energy storage, such as supercapacitors, metal-ion batteries, and metal sulfur batteries.
Porous Polymer for Heterogeneous Catalysis
Published in Inamuddin, Mohd Imran Ahamed, Rajender Boddula, Porous Polymer Science and Applications, 2022
Vivek Mishra, Simran Aggarwal, Shubham Pandey
Energy storage is the capture of energy produced at one time for use at a later time to maintain a balance between energy demand and energy production. There are many energy storage devices, one among them is supercapacitors which have high power density, longer lifespan, and faster charge/discharge rate. They serve as a tool for storing electrical energy at an electrode-electrolyte interface. There is a wide range of available electrode materials, for example, activated carbon,64 graphene,65 transition metal oxides/sulfides,66 etc., but they have certain limitations associated with them like low specific capacitance, poor recyclability, etc. POPs have high conductivity because of extended ᴨ-conjugation, high surface area, porous structure, and have good redox activity that provides significant pseudocapacitance which makes them an appropriate alternative to be used as an electrode material. Chen et al.67 synthesized a crystalline POP named PyrOxin POP via a single-step polymerization reaction of 8-hydroxyquinoline, perylene, and CHCl3 with anhydrous AlCl3 as the catalyst68 (Scheme 6.22). The synthesized POP was found to have a BET surface area of 221.4 m2 g–1, while SEM and TEM images confirm the presence of microporosity in the polymer.
Hybrid Energy Systems for O&G Industries
Published in Yatish T. Shah, Hybrid Energy Systems, 2021
Further, energy storage may not always be the environmentally preferred option for providing reserves if not managed properly, even if it is assumed to have no operational emissions [154]. For example, if energy storage enables system operators to use lower cost generation with higher emissions that would otherwise not be possible due to reserve requirements [155]. Analyzation of adding energy storage to a power system concluded emission impacts were highly case-dependent [156]. In systems with high renewable penetration levels and significant curtailment, energy storage did provide emission reductions. However, in other systems, emission impacts were reported to be positive, neutral, or negative. It should be noted that the most appropriate comparison for the discussion here is the high renewable integration scenario and the use of otherwise curtailed power. In such a case, energy storage is likely to provide emission reduction benefits by making available renewable electricity to meet demand otherwise satisfied by dispatchable generation.
A State-of-the-Art Review on Electric Power Systems and Digital Transformation
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2023
Energy storage systems are also becoming increasingly important in the electrical power system. Using energy storage systems can ensure that energy is available when it is needed, reducing the need for power plants to operate at full capacity, and reducing energy costs for consumers. The growth of renewable energy sources and battery storage technologies has greatly impacted the electric power sector, leading to a need for research to understand their impact on future energy systems. Despite this, there is limited guidance on best practices and research gaps to effectively capture the unique characteristics of these resources [33, 34]. Conversely, the recent advances in semiconductor device technologies, control architectures, and communication methodologies have enabled researchers to develop integrated smart power systems that can cater to the emerging requirements of smart grids, renewable energy, electric vehicles, trains, ships, the Internet of Things (IoT), and so forth [35–38].
Bending impact on the performance of a flexible Li4Ti5O12-based all-solid-state thin-film battery
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2018
Alfonso Sepúlveda, Jan Speulmanns, Philippe M. Vereecken
Providing sufficient electrical energy storage is one of the key challenges for the next century. A shift from fossil to renewable energies, development of practical electrical vehicles, mobile electronics, and Internet of Things devices lead to a strong demand of high-energy, high-power, high-rate capability, long lifetime, high-output voltage, safe, low-cost, environment-friendly, and rechargeable batteries. Lithium (Li) and Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are outperforming most alternative battery chemistries. Li chemistry provides much higher power and energy densities in both gravimetric and volumetric terms which are the most important parameters for applications in portable electronics such as smart phones, digital cameras, and laptops [1]. Conventional batteries using liquid electrolyte present inherent risks like leakage, flammability, and formation of Li dendrites, which can lead to electrical shorts resulting in explosion of the battery. To overcome these issues solid-state electrolytes are introduced. Furthermore, all-solid-state materials enable lightweight, long cycle life, high-energy density, chemical stable, and high-temperature batteries [1,2]. However, there are several drawbacks like low power density and high ionic resistance. To compensate the low Li-ion diffusion the use of ultra-thin electrodes to achieve high rate capability is required. In general, thin-film batteries enable excellent energy densities, a longer lifetime, a certain degree of flexibility, and extreme lightness [2].
Policy recommendations for using cool thermal energy storage to increase grid penetration of renewable power sources (1607-RP)
Published in Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 2018
Amy Van Asselt, Douglas T. Reindl, Gregory F. Nellis
Energy storage must be functional over a timescale of several hours to enable arbitrage or peak-shifting. Although not all are practical or cost-effective, various forms of electric energy storage for this timescale could be considered including lithium-ion batteries, hydrogen fuel cells, compressed air energy storage, and pumped hydroelectric storage. Of these, pumped hydroelectric storage is the most mature and, by far, most widely implemented. Figure 2 shows that, of all existing electrical energy storage installations, pumped hydro accounts for more than 96% of installed energy storage (Sandia National Laboratories 2016). In this figure, “electro-chemical systems” include battery and hydrogen fuel cell systems while “electro-mechanical systems” include compressed air energy storage systems and flywheels. It is also noteworthy that the thermal storage shown in the figure includes only utility-scale high-temperature fluid storage systems used as support to power plant systems which store energy in a fluid for later electricity production. It does not account for distributed thermal storage systems.