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Vehicle Aerodynamics
Published in G. K. Awari, V. S. Kumbhar, R. B. Tirpude, Automotive Systems, 2021
G. K. Awari, V. S. Kumbhar, R. B. Tirpude
India is the second largest two-wheeler manufacture in the world, and around 80% of vehicles on Indian roads are two-wheelers. Along with fuel consumption and rider and passenger comfort, manoeuvrability, suspension travel, weight distribution, fuel capacity, luggage capacity, engine accessibility and ease of maintenance and shape of two-wheeler are also important aspects. Normally, the maximum speed of two-wheelers is about 100 km/h and weight is about 100–125 kg. At high speeds maintaining aerodynamic stability is very essential, because when at two-wheeler is passed by a heavy vehicle, its stability is disturbed, which may be dangerous for the rider. Due to this, while studying the aerodynamics of the two-wheeler, the effect of straight as well as cross winds should be treated equally.
Modified social force model for pedestrian–vehicle interactions at a signalized intersection
Published in Transportation Letters, 2023
Ankriti Shrivas, Abhinav Kumar
From the statistical analysis of the extracted data, it was observed that pedestrians accelerated at a rate of 0.57 m/s2 ( = 0.28 m/s2) and decelerated at a rate of 0.77 m/s2 ( = 0.36 m/s2). The cars were found to accelerate at the rate of 1.26 m/s2 ( = 1.00 m/s2) and decelerate at the rate of 1.55 m/s2 ( = 0.91 m/s2) while the two-wheelers were found to accelerate at the rate of 1.74 m/s2 ( = 1.47 m/s2) and decelerate at the rate of 1.54 m/s2 ( = 1.00 m/s2). The mean speed of the pedestrians while crossing the intersection was 1.43 m/s ( = 0.53 m/s), the mean speed of cars was 3.06 m/s ( = 0.91 m/s) with the maximum speed of 6.99 m/s ( = 2.55 m/s). The mean speed of two-wheelers was 3.5 m/s ( = 0.88 m/s) with a maximum speed of 6.97 m/s ( = 1.92 m/s).