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Machining Technology
Published in Helmi Youssef, Hassan El-Hofy, Traditional Machining Technology, 2020
Figure 1.8 shows general-purpose machine tools used for traditional machining in chip removal and abrasion techniques. Typical examples of general-purpose machine tools include turning, drilling, shaping, milling, grinding, broaching, jig-boring, and lapping machines intended for specific tasks. Gear cutting and thread cutting are examples of special-purpose machine tools. During the use of general- or special-purpose manual machine tools, product accuracy and productivity depend on the operator’s participation during operation. Capstan and turret lathes are typical machines that somewhat reduce the operator’s role during the machining of bar-type or chucking-type WPs at higher rates and better accuracy. Semiautomatic machine tools perform automatically controlled movements, while the WP has to be loaded and unloaded by hand. Fully automatic machine tools are those machines in which WP handling and cutting and other auxiliary activities are performed automatically. Semiautomatic and automatic machine tools are best suited for large production lots where the operator’s interference is minimized or completely eliminated, and parts are machined more accurately and economically.
Semi-automatic control of network systems with non-monotonic Lyapunov function
Published in International Journal of Control, 2021
In a manufacturing or processing plant, there are always numerous feedback control systems installed to help achieve the operational target with fewer operators. These control systems often have two control modes, automatic and manual, thus from the operation point of view, are semi-automatic. In a semi-automatic control scheme, the control inputs can be from the control law in automatic control mode or the operator in manual control mode. Figure 1 depicts such a semi-automatic control scheme in operation with an automatic controller and a plant operator. This semi-automatic control scheme in the manufacturing and processing plants has not, however, been wide-spread considered in the network systems due to the complex interactions between subsystems.
Experimental validation of a reconfigurable guillotine shear and bending press machine
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2023
Ilesanmi Daniyan, Nokulunga Zamahlubi Dlamini, Vennan Sibanda, Khumbulani Mpofu
As shown in Figure 2, the reconfigurable guillotine shear and bending press machine majorly comprise shear support to withstand vibration, the blank holders at the lower parts to hold the sheet metals to be cut or bent, the upper and lower blades employed for the cutting operation as well as the backgauges that are used to ensure that the workpiece is being cut at the exact point with precision. It also has a control panel for the control of the machine and the selection of the cutting or bending parameters. The machine works at a semi-automatic level with some level of human intervention needed to support the automatic controls.