Sawtooth wave

Sawtooth wave

Laboratory Experiments

Published in Francis S. Tse, Ivan E. Morse, Measurement and Instrumentation in Engineering, 2018

Procedure for the demonstration is as follows: Set up the voltage-divider circuit shown in Fig. E6-4. Let R = 2 kΩ, and vi = 6 sin ωt. In fact, a sawtooth wave, a square wave, or any periodic waveform can be used, because the waveform can be expressed in harmonic components in a Fourier series.Connect vi and vo to an oscilloscope with dc couple. Observe the waveforms of vi and vo for the frequencies of 20 Hz, 200 Hz, 2 kHz, and 20 kHz.Set the oscilloscope in the X-Y mode, and record the amplitude ratio Y/X and the phase angle for the frequencies in step 2.Plot the data in the Bode plots shown in Fig. E6-3.

Multiplier cum Divider Using Pulse Width Integrated and Time Division Multipliers

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Journal Information

Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2019

K. C. Selvam

The circuit diagram of the proposed MCD is shown in Figure 1 and its associated waveforms are shown in Figure 2. Integrator OA1, comparator OA2, and the switch S1 are used to generate a sawtooth wave of peak value VR as explained by the author in [9]. Comparator OA3, integrator OA4, switch S2 and the peak detector performs pulse width integrated multiplier proposed by the author in [6]. Comparator OA5, switch S3, and R3C3 low-pass filter performs time division multiplier proposed by author in [8]. A sawtooth wave is generated by charging a capacitor at a specified rate and then rapidly discharging it with a switch. In Figure 1, the op-amp OA1 as an integrator forces the feedback capacitor C1 to charge at a rate set by the input current whose value is VR/R1. During the capacitor charge, the comparator OA2 output is LOW state and the switch S1 is OFF state. The output of integrator VS1 is then

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Laboratory Experiments

Multiplier cum Divider Using Pulse Width Integrated and Time Division Multipliers