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Organic Rankine cycle integrated hybrid arrangement for power generation
Published in Anoop Kumar Shukla, Onkar Singh, Meeta Sharma, Rakesh Kumar Phanden, J. Paulo Davim, Hybrid Power Cycle Arrangements for Lower Emissions, 2022
Mohammad Bahrami, Fathollah Pourfayaz, Ali Gheibi
The main component of the basic Rankine cycle is boiler, pump, condenser, and turbine. Water is used as the working fluid in Rankine cycles. In the organic Rankine cycle, the working fluid is an organic fluid such as refrigerants and hydrocarbons. Organic working fluids are in the temperature range of 150–300ºC. A thermodynamic ORC is shown in Figure 12.5. As can be seen there are four main processes (Reddy et al. 2010). State 1: Isentropic expansion: Superheated steam enters the turbine and thermal energy converts to mechanical energy. A generator is connected to the turbine which converts mechanical energy into electricity. The pressure and temperature of the steam is reduced in the turbine exit.State 2: Isentropic heat rejection: The exit steam from the turbine enters the condenser and is condensed to liquid water.State 3: Isentropic compression: The working fluid enters the pump.State 4: Isentropic heat addition: Working fluid enters the boiler and by adding heat steam is generated and superheated within the boiler.
Introduction
Published in Amitava Sil, Saikat Maity, Industrial Power Systems, 2022
The Rankine cycle is the fundamental operating cycle of all thermal power plants for steam generation. The operation of the cycle includes: (i) water from the condenser at low pressure is pumped into the boiler at high pressure, and this process is reversible adiabatic; (ii) water is converted into steam at constant pressure to the final (saturation) temperature by the addition of heat in the boiler; (iii) reversible adiabatic expansion of steam in the steam turbine; and (iv) constant pressure heat rejection in the condenser to convert condensate into water. By lowering the condenser pressure, superheating the steam to high temperatures and increasing the boiler pressure, the efficiency of the Rankine cycle can be increased.
Estimation of Daily Energy Production of a Solar Power Plant Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Published in Salah-ddine Krit, Mohamed Elhoseny, Valentina Emilia Balas, Rachid Benlamri, Marius M. Balas, Internet of Everything and Big Data, 2021
Anass Zaaoumi, Hajar Hafs, Abdellah Bah, Mohammed Alaoui, Abdellah Mechaqrane
The solar energy harvested by the collectors is concentrated in a metal pipe inside a vacuum glass tube. Inside the pipe, the heat transfer fluid (HTF) is circulated and heated to a temperature of 400°C. This fluid is then pumped through a conventional heat exchanger to produce steam at high temperatures and pressures. The produced steam is used in a Rankine cycle to produce electrical energy through the generator coupled to the steam turbine.
A modeling of electricity generation by using geothermal assisted organic Rankine cycle with internal heat recovery
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2023
A. S. Canbolat, A. H. Bademlioglu, O. Kaynakli
One of the most widely used processes for generating electricity from different renewable energy resources, primarily geothermal energy and solar energy, is the organic Rankine cycle. Organic Rankine cycle (ORC), which operates on the same principle as Rankine cycles thermodynamically, is a power generation system where hydrocarbon-based organic fluids are used as fluid instead of water in low-temperature ranges. Many studies have shown that organic molecular fluids with high molecular weight, critical temperature, and low pressure, dry and isentropic are more suitable than hydrocarbon-based organic fluids used in organic Rankine cycle systems (Drescher and Bruggemann 2007; He et al. 2012; Mago 2012; Mago, Chamra, and Somayaji 2007; Quoilin et al. 2013; Rayegan and Tao 2011; Tchanche et al. 2009; Vidhi et al. 2013).
Assessment of water availability for wet cooling at potential locations for solar thermal power generation in India
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2020
Tarun Kumar Aseri, Chandan Sharma, Tara C. Kandpal
The efficiency of Rankine cycle depends on pressure and temperature of the steam at turbine inlet and outlet. The steam conditions at the turbine outlet are governed by the temperature of condensed steam and mode of heat rejection to the environment. The lowest possible ambient temperature is the wet bulb temperature and hence most thermal power plants use an evaporation process (wet cooling) to provide cooling water for the condenser (Cocco and Serra 2015). In water-scarce regions, condenser heat can be rejected to the surrounding by condensing steam at the dry bulb temperature (rather than the wet bulb temperature). The heat removal from the cooling fluid is essentially achieved by forced convection due to air supply with a fan. It is worth mentioning that the heat transfer by air through forced convection is less effective than evaporative heat transfer in case of wet cooling (Mills, Gabriel, and Gabriel 2012). Therefore, dry cooling technology requires a significantly large surface area of heat exchanger and fan power to achieve the same amount of heat rejection (Colmenar-Santos et al. 2014).
Thermo-economics analysis of a cane bio-refinery
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 2019
The two major contributors of irreversibilities within the bio-refinery system are therefore the boiler and the sugar mill. The latter uses process heat mainly to process sugar cane juice in evaporators and vacuum pans to sugars. In an earlier study conducted by the author, it was reported that the addition of one evaporator of the type of falling thin film evaporator (FTFE) in the existing five-effect evaporators can decrease the process heat consumed by the sugar mill by 10% (Khoodaruth 2015). Furthermore, as the cogeneration power plant works on a Rankine cycle, the efficiency of such a cycle can be increased by lowering the condensate pressure and by increasing the operating temperature and pressure of the boiler according to Reddy et al. (2010). The latter also reported that a decrease in condensate pressure will also lower the condensate temperature. However, the condensate temperature should not be below the temperature of the cooling water that flows through the low-pressure heat exchanger. This option is thus eliminated. However, the operating temperature and pressure of the boiler can be increased by the replacement of the existing boiler by a higher temperature and pressure boiler available in the market.